Terrorism for Patrol and Investigators

1. Terrorism for Patrol and Investigators

2. Terrorism for Patrol & Investigators • Bases of Terrorism: Background & History • Intelligence Based Policing for Patrol • Ordnance • Stop and Approach Tactics • Homeland Security: Contact & Cooperation UNCLASSIFIED

3. Tactical Entry and Arrest Procedures for Counter-Terrorist Operations – 5 day Critical Incident Response to Violence and Terrorist Activities in Schools – 2 day Critical Incident Management TTT – 10 day Critical Incident Management – Command Post – 3 day Gateway Class UNCLASSIFIED

4. Informant Development – 2 day (4) Law Enforcement themed exercises (Topoff 05) PPE Training Vehicle Interception Procedures, Extraction and Restraint – 5 day (2) SWAT Operations Basic Skills – 5 day (2) Detection and Investigation of Fraudulent Documents – 3 day (3) Gateway Class (cont.) UNCLASSIFIED

5. Bases of Terrorism:Background and History

6. Key Concepts • Past Behavior is the best predictor of future behavior • Weakest point is the planning phase • Prevention of terrorism REQUIRES the intelligence function UNCLASSIFIED

7. What Is Terrorism? FBI Definition The unlawful use of force or violence against persons or property to intimidate or coerce a government, the civilian population, or any segment thereof, in furtherance of political or social objectives But most importantly: It is a technique, UNCLASSIFIED

8. The Spectrum of Conflict Civil Disturbances Global National War LawEnforcement Military Terrorism UNCLASSIFIED

9. The Objective Scare people so that they do what terrorists want!

10. Why and How Is Modern Terrorism Different From Historical Terrorism? • Transportation • Weapons technology • Population density • Communications UNCLASSIFIED

11. Bombing Weapons possession/usage Arson Burglary Vehicle theft Other thefts of all kinds Fraud Money laundering Vandalism Murder/assault/battery Extortion Kidnapping Airline hijacking Assorted interstate violations What Types of Laws Do Terrorists Violate? UNCLASSIFIED

12. What Threats Do Terrorists Present to Law Enforcement? • Direct physical threats • Civil action • Character assassination • Public distrust UNCLASSIFIED

13. Forms of Terrorism • Domestic and International • Domestic Incidents within the U.S. (2003) • Right Wing • 1 incident (Terre Haute Holocaust Museum) • Left Wing • None indicated (though links with special interests) • Special Interest/Single Issue • 2003 74 incidents, ~ 60 million in damages, bombs and incendiary devices used • Religious Fundamentalism • 2 significant incidents (all abortion related) UNCLASSIFIED

14. Excellent Web Sites • http://www.tkb.org/Home.jsp • Terrorism Knowledge Base • http://www.fbi.gov/terrorinfo/terrorism.htm • FBI Terrorism Webpage • http://www.dhs.gov/dhspublic/ • Department of Homeland Security • http://www.adl.org/ • Jewish Anti-Defamation League • http://www.splcenter.org • Southern Poverty Law Center UNCLASSIFIED

15. Domestic TerroristExtremist Groups Activities and Trends

16. Suppliers of sheets for KKK UNCLASSIFIED

17. Domestic—Left-Wing Philosophy • Vietnam War era groups pretty well eliminated • Today – primarily Anarchists UNCLASSIFIED

18. Anarchist Yellow PagesYour Guide to Anarchists and TroublemakersAround the Globe • Creating Local Autonomy and Solidarity in Hartford (CLASH)CLASH, C/O AFSC, 56 Arbor St., 2nd floorHartford, Connecticut 06106USA, North America Tel: 860-416-4575 Fax: ---URL: http://clash.8m.netEmail: hartfordclash at yahoo.com Category: Anarchist GroupSmall group of anti-authoritarian activists based in the Hartford area, formed for the purpose of disseminating propaganda on anti-authoritarian organizing, and promoting direct action and direct democracy. • Last updated: 15.10.2004 http://ayp.subvert.info/index.php UNCLASSIFIED

19. Domestic—Right-Wing Philosophy • Some groups oppose the U.S. government • Some believe government has been taken over • Some believe they are the government • Some are driven by religious beliefs • Some seek a strong Nazi/fascist government UNCLASSIFIED

20. Nazis in the News • Neo-Nazi pushes alliance with al QaedaCNNPublished on March 29, 2005A couple of hours up the road from where some September 11 hijackers learned to fly, the new head of Aryan Nation is praising them -- and trying to create an unholy alliance between his white supremacist group and al Qaeda. "You say they're terrorists, I say they're freedom fighters. And I want to instill the same jihadic feeling in our peoples' heart, in the Aryan race, that they have for their father, who they call Allah." • With his long beard and potbelly, August Kreis looks more like a washed up member of ZZ Top than an aspiring revolutionary. • Don't let appearances fool you: his résumé includes stops at some of America's nastiest extremist groups -- Posse Comitatus, the Ku Klux Klan and Aryan Nation. UNCLASSIFIED

21. Nazis in the News • Eleven indicted in huge weapons bustSt. Louis Post-DispatchPublished on March 30, 2005The daughter of a Godfrey man at the center of what authorities called the largest weapons seizure in Southern Illinois history said her father only made machine guns for shooting at paper targets, and that racist material found in his home had been collected as a joke. Laura Brown, 25, and her father, Randal L. Brown, 53, were among 11 people indicted last week by a federal grand jury on charges of illegal possession of machine guns and explosives. ... • The seized weapons include AK-47s, Uzis, and World War II-era automatic weapons, including .45-caliber Thompsons and belt-fed German machine guns. • Authorities also confiscated Nazi memorabilia, targets alleged to have been given "blackfaces," and fliers touting the National Alliance, a white supremacist group, from [Randal] Brown's home in the 5200 block of Black Oak Lane. One poster depicted Adolf Hitler with the caption, "When I come back, no more Mr. Nice Guy." UNCLASSIFIED

22. Antigovernment • Posse Comitatus • Common Law Courts • Sovereign Citizens • Militias UNCLASSIFIED

23. Anti-government • Often spouting mistaken interpretations of early American history to justify their actions, Militia members are united in their obsession with "protecting" Americans' Constitutional rights, which they claim the Federal government has trampled • "Common law court" adherents declare themselves exempt from the laws of the United States. Using pseudo-legal theories based on selective ­ and often bizarre ­ interpretations of the Bible, the Magna Carta, state and Federal court decisions, and the U.S. and state constitutions, these activists present a serious threat to the rule of law by using phony liens, money orders and documents in an attempt to defy the authority of legitimate courts. • William Potter Gale created an Identity group named Posse Comitatus, which means "power of the county" in Latin. UNCLASSIFIED

24. Militias • Newly invigorated • Views war on terrorism as directed at themselves • Consider anti-terrorism measures such as “Patriot Act” merely as a prelude to mass gun confiscation and martial law UNCLASSIFIED

25. Religious-Oriented Extremists • Christian Identity – 31 Groups (2003) • Church of Jesus Christ Christian • Phineas Priesthood • Odinism • World Church of the Creator UNCLASSIFIED

26. Christian Identity • Asserts whites, not Jews are true Israelites favored by God • Jews biologically descended from Satan, other races are mud people • Derived from 19th century English fad which asserted European whites were descended from 10 lost tribes in Bible • Transformed in 20th century by racist preachers in U.S. • Christ will not return to Earth until globe is swept clean of Jews and other “Satanic Influences” • Agnosticism and racist neo-paganism reducing influence UNCLASSIFIED

27. James Wickstrom, “Religious” Leader for Christian Identity • I'd like to see these Jews all be brought to the VA [Veterans Administration hospital] and wooden chairs be put down on the lawn. Tie the Jews in. Bring these veterans down who have been mutilated, physically mutilated, their lives ruined without the opportunity of a family or children, and give them baseball bats and let them beat these Jews to death! Every one of them!" he bellows. • "Take these chairs and Jews after they're beaten to death, throw 'em in the wood chipper! And from the wood chipper let the remains go into a big incinerary truck, which is right behind the wood chipper, and give them the holocaust they rightly deserve!" • "Even the women and children?" he's asked by his interviewer. • "Take 'em all," he snarls. "Take 'em all and let none remain!" UNCLASSIFIED

28. From a C.I. website • Kingdom Identity Ministries is a Politically Incorrect Christian Identity outreach ministry to God's chosen race (true Israel, the White, European peoples). We proclaim the Gospel of the Kingdom (government according to God's Law) through books, tracts, tapes, videos, the American Institute of Theology Bible Correspondence Course, our international Herald of Truth Radio Broadcasts, a Prison Ministry, Biblical Counseling, Seminars, and other means. The Elect Remnant, Christian Patriots, Nationalists, Reconstructionists, Racialists, and all seeking a higher level of understanding will learn Biblical solutions to personal and national problems, and be given keys to unlock hidden truth. http://www.kingidentity.com/index.html UNCLASSIFIED

29. Racist/Hate • Ku Klux Klan (KKK) - 158 groups (Waterbury, Aryan Nations Knight of KKK) • Neo-Nazis - 149 groups (1 CT Bridgeport White Revolution) • Aryan Nations/National Alliance – LA 1999 Buford Furrow • Skinheads - 39 Groups (1 CT Stratford CT White Wolves) • Black Separatist - 136 4 in CT (2 Hart.) UNCLASSIFIED

30. KKK • Started during Reconstruction as a method to intimidate blacks and whites who support them • First era of KKK disbanded after rise of Jim Crow laws • Second era 1920, anti-catholic and anti- jew due to immigration, claimed 5 million member, huge rallies in D.C. • Third era was during 1960s in response to civil rights laws, murders, bombing, lynchings • Much weakened since 1970s due to internal conflicts, court cases, government infiltration. 5,500 to 6,000 members, often warring against each other UNCLASSIFIED

31. Neo Nazis • Neo-Nazi groups share a hatred for Jews and a love for Adolf Hitler and Nazi Germany. • While they also hate other minorities, homosexuals and even sometimes Christians, they perceive "the Jew" as their cardinal enemy, and trace social problems to a Jewish conspiracy that supposedly controls governments, financial institutions and the media. • While some neo-Nazi groups emphasize simple hatred, others are more focused on the revolutionary creation of a fascist political state. • American neo-Nazi groups, protected by the First Amendment, often publish material and host Internet sites that are aimed at European audiences -- materials that would be illegal under European anti-racism laws. Similarly, many European groups put up their Internet sites on American servers to avoid prosecution under the laws of their native countries. • The most important neo-Nazi group in the U.S. is the National Alliance. Until his death, it was led by William Pierce, the infamous author of the futuristic race-war novel The Turner Diaries, a book believed by some to have served as the blueprint for the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing. UNCLASSIFIED

32. Racist Skinheads • A particularly violent element of the white supremacist movement, and have often been referred to as the "shock troops" of the hoped-for revolution • Shaved head, black Doc Martens boots, jeans with suspenders and an array of typically racist tattoos • Began in the industrial cities of 1960s Britain as a working class movement strongly marked by contempt for hippies and middle-class youth • Originally embraced Afro-Caribbean music and were of different races • Movement split between racist and antiracist elements — a split that has endured to the present day, both in Britain and in the United States, where Skins arrived in the early 1980s • Racist Skins are referred to by their enemies as "boneheads." Antiracist Skins are often referred to as SHARPS, a reference to a now essentially defunct group known as Skinheads Against Racial Prejudice • Racist Skinheads in the U.S., like those in other countries, often operate in small "crews" that move from city to city with some regularity UNCLASSIFIED

33. Black Separatists • Black separatists typically oppose integration and racial intermarriage, and they want separate institutions -- or even a separate nation -- for blacks. Most forms of black separatism are strongly anti-white and anti-Semitic, and a number of religious versions assert that blacks -- not Jews -- are the Biblical "chosen people" of God. UNCLASSIFIED

34. Special-Interest/Single-Issue Terrorism • Most common areas of concern are • Environmental • Animal rights • Antigenetic engineering • Antiabortion UNCLASSIFIED

35. Earth Liberation Front Earth First! is a verb, not a noun. In order to be an environmental movement, you've got to move! So get up and do something for the Earth! There are no "50 simple ways to save the planet." There are innumerable very difficult ways. Recycling and "setting a good example" don't cut it when you are the last generation with any chance of implementing a human-engineered cure. Direct Action means personal, focused effort on the front lines in the war against the Earth. Earth First! is defined by its actions, the purpose of which are to: HALT THE DESTRUCTION,RAISE THE STAKES, GARNER MEDIA,STRENGTHEN RESOLVE www.earthfirstjournal.org UNCLASSIFIED

36. Animal Liberation Front • The ALF guidelines are: • 1. TO liberate animals from places of abuse, i.e. laboratories, factory farms, fur farms, etc, and place them in good homes where they may live out their natural lives, free from suffering. 2. TO inflict economic damage to those who profit from the misery and exploitation of animals. • 3. TO reveal the horror and atrocities committed against animals behind locked doors, by performing non-violent direct actions and liberations. • 4. TO take all necessary precautions against harming any animal, human and non-human. • Analyze the ramifications of any proposed action. Never apply generalizations when specific information is available http://www.animalliberationfront.com/ UNCLASSIFIED

37. Other Domestic Terrorism Issues • Cyberterrorism • Term used to refer to almost any attack on or using a computer • Narcoterrorism • A narcotics conspiracy that uses extreme force and violence against a government or population in order to enable it to function UNCLASSIFIED

38. International Terrorist/Extremist Groups

39. Foreign Terrorist Organizations • 36 currently listed by State Department • 20 are Islamic • 14 are “Insurgency”/Revolutionary • 1 is Jewish • 1 is Apocalyptic UNCLASSIFIED

40. International Terrorist Incidents - 2003 • 208 International Terrorist Incident (198 in 2002, 355 in 2001) • 625 people killed, 725 killed in 2002 (35 U.S. in Kuwait, Columbia, Philippines, Israel - 16, Saudi Arabia - 9, Iraq - 5, Afghanistan - 2) • 3,646 wounded, 2,013 wounded in 2002 • Does not include Iraq attacks on Coalition Forces UNCLASSIFIED

41. THE TERRORIST POLYGON OPERATIONAL SUCCESS ORGANIZATION IDEOLOGY Any viable terrorist group rests on three pillars UNCLASSIFIED

42. PRESTIGE and RESOURCES VALIDATION Al-Qa‘ida’s Polygon of Power 11 SEPTEMBER 2001 OPERATIONS AL`QAIDA NETWORK SALAFI THEOLOGY RECRUITS UNCLASSIFIED

43. OPERATIONS VALIDATION Al-Qa‘ida’s Polygon of Power OPERATIONAL SUCCESS Destroying one of its pillars eliminates the threat ORGANIZATION IDEOLOGY RECRUITS UNCLASSIFIED

44. Al-Qa‘ida’s Polygon of Power COUNTERMEASURES HARDEN BORDERS IC + LE ABILITY TO INTERDICT HARDEN TARGETS HARD INSTRUMENTS OPS SUCCESS SOFT INSTRUMENTS MILITARY SPECIAL OPS INTEL ECONOMIC & OTHER DVLPMNT AID PSY OPS DIPLOMACY U.S. POLICY IDEOLOGY ORGANIZATION NGO’S & PRIVATE SECTOR UN, OIC MULTILATERAL / NONGOVERNMENT UNCLASSIFIED

45. 1995 SANG HDQRS RIYADH • 1998 US EMBASSIES EAST AFRICA • 2000 USS COLE YEMEN • 2001 US WT CENTER/PENTAGON • 2002 DJERBA SYNAGOGUE TUNISIA • BALI NIGHTCLUBS INDONESIA • MOMBASSA RESORT KENYA • 2003 RESIDENTIAL COMPOUNDS RIYADH • MULTIPLE TARGETS CASABLANCA • MARRIOTT DOWNTOWN JAKARTA • MULTIPLE TARGETS ISTANBUL • 2004 ANTI-COALITION INSURGENCY IRAQ • MADRID COMMUTER TRAINS • AL-KHOBAR OFFICES & RESIDENCES • AUSTRALIAN EMBASSY JAKARTA Operational Success Very Difficult to Deny IDEOLOGY ORGANIZATION UNCLASSIFIED

46. OPERATIONS VALIDATION RECRUITS Qa‘idat al-Jihad (The Base) “Al-Qa‘ida” now is a distributed network OPERATIONAL SUCCESS ORGANIZATION IDEOLOGY UNCLASSIFIED

47. THE THREAT The Ideological Dimension UNCLASSIFIED

48. The Pillar of Ideology “Their foundation is al-Tawhid [the belief in the oneness of God], their doctrine is Sunni Salafi, their path is jihad, and their hope on earth is the establishment of the religion [of Islam] in the heavens to win the pleasure of the God of the worlds, and an ending in Paradise.” From Statement announcing the merger of Abu Dajana al-Iraqi’s al-Jama`a as-Salafiyya al-Mujahida with Abu Mus`ab al-Zarqawi’s Jama`at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad, 17 May 2004 UNCLASSIFIED

49. SALAFI THEOLOGY Violent Jihad: Use of coercive means against sanctioned adversaries The Pillar of Ideology Idiosyncratic Interpretation of Religious Scripture UNCLASSIFIED

50. Salafi Theology • Provides doctrinal underpinnings for all radical jihadi groups. salaf = ancestors • Who are the Salaf al-Salih. . . . The Righteous Ancestors? • The Prophet Muhammad and his Companions, including the first four Caliphs who succeeded him. Relevant Time Period: 610 – 661 a.d. • The only acceptable sources of religion are the Koran, and the words and conduct [Sunna] of the Prophet and his Companions • Rejection of last 13 centuries of evolution in Muslim thought • A Salafi: One who adheres to the Koran and the Sunna as understood and practiced collectively by the Righteous Ancestors • Literal interpretation of the Koran, and strict observance of rituals • Rejection of rulings and methods of traditional schools of law UNCLASSIFIED