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Linear Motion - Displacement

Principles of Physics. Linear Motion - Displacement. Linear Motion. motion along a straight line path, motion in one dimension Which way are you headed? How far did you go? How fast are you going? Is your speed changing?. Which way are you headed?. Direction

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Linear Motion - Displacement

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  1. Principles of Physics Linear Motion - Displacement

  2. Linear Motion • motion along a straight line path, motion in one dimension • Which way are you headed? • How far did you go? • How fast are you going? • Is your speed changing?

  3. Which way are you headed? Direction • In order to get anywhere you need to know what direction you are headed. • North, South, West , East • Up, Down, Left , Right • Direction can also be negative or positive for math purposes • Negative: South, West, Down, Left • Positive: North, East, Up, Right

  4. Types of Quantities Almost all quantities have units - examples: meters, seconds, kilograms - Without units numbers would be meaningless Vector – Quantities that include a direction • Vectors can be drawn • They are represented by arrows Example: 12 m south Scalar – Quantities that do not include direction Example: 4 seconds

  5. How far did you go? Path length (p):total length of path taken - measured in meters(m) - scalar quantity (does not include direction) 2 m p = 8 m + 6 m + 2 m + 1 m p = 17 m 1 m 6 m 8 m

  6. How far did you go? Displacement (d): change in position, shortest path between start and finish - vector (amount and direction) - 2 m 1 m 6 m 8 m

  7. Path Length vs. Displacement Examples 6 m 3 m Path Length = Displacement = 9 m 9 m right 3 m 6 m Path Length = Displacement = 9 m 3 m left Path Length = Displacement = 9 m ? 3 m 6 m

  8. Path Length versus Displacement • To determine displacement draw a diagram of the path taken • Example: 8 m east, then 6m north, then 2 m east, then 1 m south • Simplify the diagram to a right triangle • Use Pythagorean Theorem to determine the displacement 2 m 1 m 6 m 8 m 1 m 6 m 5 m 8 m 10 m 2 m

  9. Example Jan walks 4 meters north then turns to walk 4 meters east and finally turns to walk another 8 meters north. Determine Jan’s displacement. 8m 8m d 4 m 4 m 4 m 4 m

  10. Units Units for path length or displacement: Standard Unit: meter Anything else must be converted • 1 meter = 100 centimeters = .001 kilometer • 1 kilometer = 1000 meters • 1 meter = 3.28 feet • 1 kilometer = 0.6214 miles

  11. Length Conversions Smaller unit to larger unit: divide • centimeters to meters: divide by 100 • millimeters to meters: divide by 1000 Larger unit to smaller unit: multiply • kilometers to meters: multiply by 1000

  12. Length Conversions Smaller unit to larger unit: divide • Change 40 centimeters to meters Larger unit to smaller unit: multiply • Change 6.8 kilometers to meters

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