THE EFFECTS OF RESISTANCE EXERCISE TRAINING PERFORMED AT DIFFERENT INTENSITIES

1. PURPOSE To investigate the short and long term effects of resistance exercise training (RET) performed at different intensities on blood parameters. METHODS 14 healthy volunteer male subjects (mean age 24±4), who had not regularly performed RET before, were randomly divided into two groups. Beforethe beginning of the study the subjects were familiarized to RET that involved upper and lower body exercises (chest press, leg exention, lat pull down, leg curl, shoulder press and biceps curl).In the last familiarization session subjects’ one-repetition maximum (1RM) strength for each exercise was evaluated according to Brzycki formula;“Predicted 1RM = weight lifted/[1.0278-(0.0278 x the number of repetitions performed)]” (1). The first group performed3 sets of 12 repetitions at an intensity corresponding to 70% of 1RM, the second group performed 3 sets of 6 repetitions at an intensity corresponding to 85% of 1RM. The intensity corresponding to 70% of 1RM was used as moderate intensity, and the intensity corresponding to 85% of 1RM was used as submaximal intensity in the present study. All subjects performed RET three times a week on nonconsecutive days for 6 weeksunder staff supervision.Blood samples were obtained just before (after 10 min rest in seated position, before the warm up) and immediately after the RET on the first day of the first week and on the last day of the sixth week. A complete peripheral blood count [white blood cell (WBC), red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct)] was evaluated using an electronic hematology analyzer (LH 700, Beckman Coulter; Fullerton, CA) also iron (Fe) and unsaturated iron binding capacity (UIBC) were evaluated by kalorimetric process using “Roche Hitachi (PE) 1706-04” and Roche kits.Wilcoxon Rank-Sum test was used to compare short (just before and immediately after) and long (measurements in rest before RET) term effects of RET, p<0.05 was accepted as statistically significant. RESULTS At the beginning of the study there were not statistically significant differences in physical characteristics (age, height, weight and BMI) and hematological parameters (WBC, RBC, Hb, Hct, Fe and UIBC) between two groups (for all measurements p>0.05). At the end of the RET, 1RM significantly increased for all applied exercise types in both groups(p<0.05). In short term effects of RET, WBC, RBC, Hb and Hct values significantly increased immediately after RET on the first and the last day of program only in the first group, Fe and UIBC values significantly increased immediately after RET in both groups. In long term effects of RET, there was significant increment in Fe values and significant decrement in UIBC values only in the first group contrary there weren’t significant alterations for other parameters in both groups. * * * * * * * Fig 1:RBC values of subjects before and after resistance training (B.RTr.-A.RTr.), *p<0.05 significant difference from values B.RTr. Fig 2:Hemoglobin values of subjects before and after resistance training (B.RTr.-A.RTr.), *p<0.05 significant difference from values B.RTr. * *# * *# Fig 3:Fe values of subjects before and after resistance training (B.RTr.-A.RTr.), *p<0.05significant difference from values B.RTr., #p<0.05 significant difference between values of B.RTr. Fig 4:UIBC values of subjects before and after resistance training (B.RTr.-A.RTr.), *p<0.05 significant difference from values B.RTr., #p<0.05 significant difference between values of B.RTr. CONCLUSION:The findings of the current study indicate that RET causes an increment in RBC, WBC, Hb and Hct values immediatly after RET, where this increment seems to be more influenced by lower intensity of RET. Hemoconcentration was proposed to play an important role in the development of these alterations (2, 3). REFERENCES1.Brzycki, M. (1993). Strength testing- predicting a one-rep max from reps-to-fatigue, The Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 64, 88-90. 2. Ahmadizad, S., El-Sayed, M. S. (2005) The Acute Effects Of Resistance Exercise On The Main Determinants Of Blood Rheology. J. Sports Sci., 23: 243-249. 3. Ahmadizad, S., El-Sayed, M. S., Bassami, M., Maclaren, D.P.M. (2004) Effects Of Resistance Exercise Intensity On The Main Determinants Of Blood, Rheology. Cell. Mol. Biol. Lett., 9: Supplement 2 THE EFFECTS OF RESISTANCE EXERCISE TRAINING PERFORMED AT DIFFERENT INTENSITIES ON BLOOD PARAMETERS Hayriye Çakır ATABEK1, Nihat GÜNDÜZ2, R. Didem PINARBAŞILI3, Süleyman DEMİR3 1School of Physical Education and Sports, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, TURKEY 2School of Sport Science and Technology and 3Dept. of Biochemistry, Pamukkale University, Denizli, TURKEY Table 2: WBC and Hct values of the subjects before and after the resistance exercise training on the first and the last day of training program. Table1: Physical characteristics of the subjects (BMI; body mass index) *: p<0.05 difference from B.RTr. values; Values are expressed as mean ± sd.