Developing Effective Mentoring Skills- Beyond the Basics

1. Developing Effective Mentoring Skills- Beyond the Basics Karen Leslie MD FRCP(C) Barbara Stubbs MD CCFP Merrilee Brown MD CCFP DFCM Rosser Academic Day April 28,2007

2. Developing Effective Mentorship Skills: Stubbs, Leslie & Brown, Rosser Day 2007 Workshop Objectives To understand current faculty mentorship needs in our department To describe the key elements of effective mentoring To develop and enhance the skills required to establish and maintain mentoring relationships

3. Developing Effective Mentorship Skills: Stubbs, Leslie & Brown, Rosser Day 2007 Overview Introduction Key Points/Background Interactive Exercise What We Have Learned Together Resources

4. Developing Effective Mentorship Skills: Stubbs, Leslie & Brown, Rosser Day 2007 Mentorship In the DFCM Our definition: �A dynamic, reciprocal relationship leading to positive change both for the career development of the involved individuals and for the cultural development of the department�

5. Developing Effective Mentorship Skills: Stubbs, Leslie & Brown, Rosser Day 2007 Mentorship: Critical Elements A confidential relationship between two individuals with the objective of proactively assisting the mentee with personal and professional development without providing formal evaluation

6. Developing Effective Mentorship Skills: Stubbs, Leslie & Brown, Rosser Day 2007 Preceptor versus Mentor formal & structured professionally focused wide scope, little depth info from preceptor to student hierarchical formal evaluation of student ends after formal clinical experience benefits favour student less formal & structured personal & professional wide scope, deepens info flows in both directions less hierarchical with time no formal evaluation of student relationship may last for years benefits mutually accrued

7. Developing Effective Mentorship Skills: Stubbs, Leslie & Brown, Rosser Day 2007 DFCM Mentorship Survey Results Faculty-wide survey- Sept. 2006 45.7% response rate 112 DFCM Faculty (52%) wish to be mentored Female faculty were significantly more interested in being mentored than were their male counterparts 133 DFCM Faculty (63%) were interested in mentoring others No significant gender differences in interest levels in being mentors

8. Comparison of Faculty Needs for Mentorship Support (n). 

9. Developing Effective Mentorship Skills: Stubbs, Leslie & Brown, Rosser Day 2007 Comparison of Mentorship Roles (n).

10. Developing Effective Mentorship Skills: Stubbs, Leslie & Brown, Rosser Day 2007 Survey- Mentor Qualities Similar Values Respect for Diversity Accessibility Experience Good interpersonal skills Having a genuine interest in mentoring Same discipline

11. Developing Effective Mentorship Skills: Stubbs, Leslie & Brown, Rosser Day 2007 Survey- Mentorship Formats Traditional Dyads Multiple Mentors Group Mentorship Activities Remote- limited to phone or email only

12. Developing Effective Mentorship Skills: Stubbs, Leslie & Brown, Rosser Day 2007 Survey- Meaningful Mentorship Experiences Receiving support and encouragement Ability to share and discuss ideas Ability to share values, experiences and challenges openly Having someone provide feedback and reinforcement Having a non-judgemental relationship

13. Developing Effective Mentorship Skills: Stubbs, Leslie & Brown, Rosser Day 2007 4 Stages of Mentorship Preparing: mentor and mentee must prepare individually and in partnership Negotiating: agree on goals, define content and process of relationship Enabling: develop a quality mentorship relationship and promote learning Closing: evaluating, recognizing and celebrating achievements of the relationship

14. Developing Effective Mentorship Skills: Stubbs, Leslie & Brown, Rosser Day 2007 Challenges in Mentorship: Time pressure/expectations Discomfort on the part of the mentee Lack of mentor confidence Conflict of interest Boundary violations Relationship not working out

15. Developing Effective Mentorship Skills: Stubbs, Leslie & Brown, Rosser Day 2007 4 Key Mentorship Skills: Empathetic Listening Providing Support / Challenge Reflection Feedback

16. Developing Effective Mentorship Skills: Stubbs, Leslie & Brown, Rosser Day 2007 Empathetic Listening Use facial expression, nod or lean slightly forward to convey your concern Offer brief confirmations �I see�� Repeat part of key phrases Paraphrase Pose a question or clarify Avoid interrupting the mentee Briefly summarize Adapted from �Communicating with Patients: A Quick Reference Guide for Physicians� Cullins, VE, et al 2000.

17. Developing Effective Mentorship Skills: Stubbs, Leslie & Brown, Rosser Day 2007 Empathetic Listening (con�t) Respond in a way that is supportive and sympathetic Ask how the mentee feels about emotionally laden information Ask the mentee to talk about problems or concerns rather than dismissing them BATHE: Background, Affect, Troubles, Handling, Empathy Adapted from �Communicating with Patients: A Quick Reference Guide for Physicians� Cullins VE, et al 2000.

18. �Knowledge speaks, but wisdom listens.�  - Jimi Hendrix

19. Developing Effective Mentorship Skills: Stubbs, Leslie & Brown, Rosser Day 2007

20. Developing Effective Mentorship Skills: Stubbs, Leslie & Brown, Rosser Day 2007

21. Developing Effective Mentorship Skills: Stubbs, Leslie & Brown, Rosser Day 2007 Reflective Practice Reflection in action: applying past experience to new situations while they are occurring Reflection on action: thinking back on a past situation � what contributed to the event, were actions appropriate and how it may affect future practice Sch�n

22. Developing Effective Mentorship Skills: Stubbs, Leslie & Brown, Rosser Day 2007 Reflection during Mentorship Clarifies thinking, captures the richness of the experiences �enables us to slow down, rest, and observe our journey and the process of self-knowledge that is so important along the way� Huang and Lynch, 1995

23. Challenges in the Mentorship Process

24. Developing Effective Mentorship Skills: Stubbs, Leslie & Brown, Rosser Day 2007 Instructions for Mentoring Scenarios For each scenario: Read the scenario on your own Discuss in your group: What are the issues? How as a mentor would you approach these issues with your mentee? Role play in your group how you would proceed at the next meeting with your mentee

25. Developing Effective Mentorship Skills: Stubbs, Leslie & Brown, Rosser Day 2007 Summary: Key points 4 stages 4 skills Apply the family physician skills you already have to a new context There is no one right way to mentor � find your own path!

26. Developing Effective Mentorship Skills: Stubbs, Leslie & Brown, Rosser Day 2007 Resources: People DFCM Mentorship Network DFCM Mentorship Advisory Group (contact Cindy Mallory, administrator, DFCM PD 416-978-6471 , cindy.mallory@utoronto.ca) Further mentoring questions? Barbara.Stubbs@uhn.on.ca

27. Developing Effective Mentorship Skills: Stubbs, Leslie & Brown, Rosser Day 2007 Resources: Literature Go to the DFCM Home page http://dfcm19.med.utoronto.ca/ Click on Professional Development Click on Mentor Resources

28. THANK YOU!