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Chapter 4

Chapter 4. Section 3 - Mammals. Characteristics of Mammals. All mammals are endothermic vertebrates that have a 4 chambered heart and skin covered with fur or hair. Most are born alive, fed with milk produced by the mother’s body (mammary glands). Obtaining Food.

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Chapter 4

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  1. Chapter 4 Section 3 - Mammals

  2. Characteristics of Mammals • All mammals are endothermic vertebrates that have a 4 chambered heart and skin covered with fur or hair. Most are born alive, fed with milk produced by the mother’s body (mammary glands)

  3. Obtaining Food • Most mammals have teeth which are adapted to their food • 1. Incisors – are flat-edged used to bite off and cut food • 2. Canines – pointed stab and tear food • 3. Premolars – have flat, broad upper surfaces for grinding and shredding food • 4. Molars – same as premolars

  4. Obtaining Oxygen • Mammals breathe with lungs • Breathe in and out because of the combined action of rib muscles and the diaphragm • 4 chambered heart and a 2 loop circulatory system

  5. Keeping Conditions Stable • Have fur or hair to keep them warm • Some mammals have a layer of fat/blubber to also keep them warm

  6. Movement • Most mammals walk or run on four limbs • Examples: monkeys, whales, kangaroos, dolphins, flying squirrels

  7. Nervous System • Nervous system coordinates its movement and receives info. about its environment • Brain enables them to learn, remember, and behave in complex ways • The senses of mammals are highly developed and adapted for the ways a species lives.

  8. Diversity of Mammals • There are 3 main groups of mammals: • 1. Monotremes • 2. Marsupials • 3. Placental • The groups differ in how their young develop

  9. Monotremes • Egg-laying mammals • 2 species of spiny anteaters and the duck-billed platypus

  10. Marsupials • Mammals whose young are born at an early stage of development, and continue to develop in a pouch on the mother’s body. • Examples: Koalas, Kangaroos, Opossums • Marsupials have a very short gestation period

  11. Placental Mammals • Mammals that develop inside its mother’s body until its body systems can function independently. • The placenta and umbilical cord pass materials from the mother to the baby • Gestation period are longer depending on the size of the mammal

  12. Caring For Young • Mammals are quite helpless for a long time after being born • Young will stay with their mother or both parents for an extended period of time

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