History and Training in Emergency Medical Services

1. Chapter 1 Introduction to Emergency Medical Services

3. I. What is EMS? The Emergency Medical Services (EMS) is a coordinated network of professionals whose function is to provide a variety of medical services to people in need in of emergency care.

4. II. The History of Emergency Medical Services • The American Red Cross • The first agency to take aid to the public • Taught CPR and first aid to lay persons in the late 1950s and 60s • The Father of EMS • Dr. Joseph D. (“Deke”) Farrington • Realized training was needed in the streets • Began training the Chicago Fire Department in street medicine

5. II. The History of Emergency Medical Services • National Highway Safety Act (1966) • Encouraged states to begin organized EMS programs • Organization of the National Highway Safety Administration • Emergency Medical Services Act (1973) • Identified the components of an EMS system

6. II. The History of Emergency Medical Services http://www.co.beaufort.sc.us/EMS/images/sol_history.jpg • Star of Life • National EMS Symbol • Each of six points represents: • Central staff with serpent represents medicine and healing.

7. III. Voices for EMS Providers • National Association of Emergency Medical Technicians (NAEMT) • Supports EMS activities in both the private and public sectors B. The National Registry of EMTs • An advocate for standardization in EMS education

8. Personnel Training Communications Transportation Emergency facilities Critical care units Public safety agencies Consumer participation Access to care Patient transfer Standardization of record keeping Public information and education System review and evaluation Disaster management Mutual aid agreements IV. Components of an EMS System

9. V. Modern EMS http://www.padprograms.com/images/chainofsurvival.jpg

10. Stop and Review • Name a historical group that shaped the field of EMS. • Name a key legislative act and its impact on the field of EMS. • List the symbolism of the Star of Life (DR ROCT!). • Name two professional groups that represent the interests of EMS. • List the steps in the Cardiac Chain of Survival.

11. VI. Introduction to EMS Systems • Universal Access to EMS • 9-1-1 • Basic • Enhanced: includes GPS for cell phones • Non 9-1-1 B. Emergency Medical Dispatch • EMD course • Provide audio instruction on care until EMS arrives

12. VI. Introduction to EMS Systems • Levels of Training • First Responder • EMT-B • EMT-I • EMT-P http://www.fastresponse.org/EMT/assets/emt1.jpg

13. VII. Levels of Training A. First Responders • First person on the scene • Skills • Basic assessment • Simple airway • management • Oxygen administration • Bleeding control • Rescuer CPR • Defibrillation http://www.cget.ca/2009/HPIM0678_resize.jpg

14. VII. Levels of Training B. Emergency Medical Technician–Basic • Most common • Completed primary pre- hospital training • Airway maintenance • Oxygen administration • Bleeding control • CPR • Defibrillation • Patient assessment • Limited medication administration ** http://esc.uvu.edu/images/emt-b.jpg

15. VII. Levels of Training C. Emergency Medical Technician–Intermediate 1. 2nd level of pre-hospital training beyond EMT-B • Advanced airway management (intubation)* • Cardiac arrest management (ECG interpretation)* • Intravenous therapy (start IVs)* • Higher level patient assessment • Drug administration* • Advanced trauma care* http://www.chemistrydaily.com/chemistry/upload/5/58/Intubation.jpg

16. VII. Levels of Training D. Emergency Medical Technician–Paramedic 1. Highest training level • Comprehensive patient assessment** • Advanced airway management • Intravenous access • Expanded medication administration** • Cardiac arrest management and pacing http://students.ou.edu/S/Christopher.Schroeder-1/paramedic.jpg

17. Life in EMS • YouTube: NBC’s “TRAUMA” video promo • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ycgM884tMyE