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China Under Reform 1978--. Deng Xiaoping Vol. 1 Vol. 2 Vol. 3. Reforms. Massive economic reform – capitalism End to Chinese isolation No challenges to CPC rule But, consensus decision making in CPC. Impact. From World Resources Institute: http://earthtrends.wri.org/updates/node/213.
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China Under Reform 1978-- • Deng Xiaoping • Vol. 1 • Vol. 2 • Vol. 3
Reforms • Massive economic reform – capitalism • End to Chinese isolation • No challenges to CPC rule • But, consensus decision making in CPC
Impact • From World Resources Institute: http://earthtrends.wri.org/updates/node/213
Implications • Economic Growth and Economic Freedoms • Chinese integration into world • Chinese power
Four Modernizations • Agriculture • Industry • Defense • Science and Technology
China in the World Economy Foreign Exports investment to the in China world SEZ
Ideology • Marxism • Leninism • Mao Zedong Thought • Deng Xiaoping Theory • 1992 Speech
Four Cardinal Principles • to keep to the socialist road • to uphold the people's democratic dictatorship • leadership by the Communist Party • Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought
Why Did the Reforms Begin? • Impact of Cultural Revolution • Failure of Mao’s Economy • Lessons of Japan and Four Tigers • Death of Mao
Political Reform? • Democracy Wall 1978-79 • Fall 1986 • Tiananmen Square 1989
Factional Battle 1980s Deng Xiaoping (priority on consensus) Hu Yaobang Vs. Chen Yun Zhao Ziyang Li Peng Speed up slower economic economic reforms; reforms; Limited political reform no political reform
Democracy Wall 12/78-12/79 Xidan Street
Wei Jingsheng • “The Fifth Modernization” • Wei Jingsheng Foundation • Wei’s Essays On Trial 1979 After release (1993)
Fall 1986 General Secretary Hu Yaobang
Tiananmen Square April 16-June 4, 1989 • Wang Dan, 1989 (released from prison, 1998)
Zhao Ziyang vs. Li Peng Zhao warning students
Results • Zhao Ziyang • Jiang Zemin • Economic reform slowed 1989-1992 • But 1992: Deng’s tour of South • 1992 Speech
The CPC Message? • There are limits to freedom in China • Asking for political freedoms may jeopardize economic freedoms • Goal: politically agnostic capitalists