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Understanding Acid Naming Rules: Binary, Oxoacids, and Organic Acids

Learn about the naming conventions for different types of acids - binary, oxoacids, and organic acids. Discover how to name acids based on their composition and anion type. Master the rules with examples for better understanding.

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Understanding Acid Naming Rules: Binary, Oxoacids, and Organic Acids

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  1. Naming Acids Acids are compounds, usually ionic, which have H+ as the cation

  2. Inorganic Acids • Can be grouped into two types • Binary and Oxoacids

  3. Binary Acids • Contain only two different elements • One of them is H+ and the other is an anion • To name them: • 1) Take the anion root word, put hydro in front of it • 2) Change the ending from -ide to -icAcid • Example: HCl is H+ with a chloride Cl- ion. The name is HydrochloricAcid • HBr Hydro + brom + ic Acid

  4. Oxoacids • Acids whose anions are polyatomic anions that contain oxygen. • H+ is still the cation. • To name them: • Change the –ateending of the anion to –icAcid • OR change the –ite ending of the anion to –ousAcid • Examples: HNO3 This is H+ with the nitrate (NO3-) ion NitricAcid HNO2 This is H+ with the nitrite (NO2-) ion NitrousAcid

  5. Organic Acids • Contain carbon • Except for carbonic acid, which is considered inorganic. • Their naming system is basically the same as the oxoacids • The one that you need to know is AceticAcid (vinegar): • CH3CO2H or sometimes written CH3COOH. • This is a H+ with the acetate (CH3CO2-) ion.

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