1 / 38

NEED What are GHG’s IPCC UCS CO2 graph - paleo Temp graph - paleo Pfaff plan.

NEED What are GHG’s IPCC UCS CO2 graph - paleo Temp graph - paleo Pfaff plan. OUTLINE. To show the direct relationship between engine emissions and carbon dioxide concentrations in the atmosphere---- and global warming. To relate the science to the society To provide courses of action.

glynn
Download Presentation

NEED What are GHG’s IPCC UCS CO2 graph - paleo Temp graph - paleo Pfaff plan.

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. NEED What are GHG’sIPCCUCSCO2 graph - paleoTemp graph - paleoPfaff plan.

  2. OUTLINE • To show the direct relationship between engine emissions and carbon dioxide concentrations in the atmosphere---- and global warming. • To relate the science to the society • To provide courses of action.

  3. The Planet The Engine

  4. REGULAR BREATHING Happy Planet ! CO2 Level winter winter summer summer Season

  5. The real planet we live on 375 CO2, ppm (parts per million) 315 1958 2004 Year

  6. Where does the CO2 come from?GASOLINE OR COAL OR NATURAL GAS ALWAYS PRODUCES CARBON DIOXIDE AND WATER WHEN BURNED IN AIR Other products too, in very small amounts.

  7. Burning hydrocarbon fuels MUSTproduce CO2 and water

  8. In different units:1 gallon of gas produces 18 lbs (8kg) of carbon dioxideRULE OF THUMB: 1 MILE ~ 1/2 POUND OF CO2.CO2 stays in the atmosphere for about 100 years, so it adds up.

  9. Let’s calculate: 1 gallon of gas produces 8 kg of carbon dioxide IF 800 MILLION VEHICLES IN THE WORLD BURN 2 GALLONS EACH PER DAY How many kg of CO2 are produced per year?

  10. Let’s calculate: 1 gallon of gas produces 8 kg of carbon dioxide IF 800 MILLION VEHICLES IN THE WORLD BURN 2 GALLONS EACH PER DAY Total kg of CO2 = 800 x 106x2x8x365 = 4672000 x 106 ≈ 5 x 1012 kg

  11. Let’s calculate: 1 gallon of gas produces 8 kg of carbon dioxide So 5 x 1012 kg (5 billion tons) of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere each year, just from cars and trucks. IS THAT A BIG NUMBER?

  12. Our Atmosphere is very Thin

  13. The Atmosphere • The atmosphere of the earth is mainly Nitrogen (78%) and Oxygen (21%) by volume. • Carbon dioxide (a greenhouse gas) is only around 0.038% Q. How many parts per million is 0.038%?

  14. The Atmosphere • The atmosphere of the earth is mainly Nitrogen (78%) and Oxygen (21%) by volume. • Carbon dioxide (a greenhouse gas) is only around 0.038% Q. How many parts per million is 0.038%? A. 0.038x10-2= 380 x 10-6= 380 ppm

  15. The Atmosphere Carbon dioxide (a greenhouse gas) is only around 0.038% 375 CO2, ppm 315 1958 2004 Year Q. How many parts per million is 0.038%? A. 0.038x10-2= 380 x 10-6= 380 ppm

  16. Mass of the Atmosphere is 5.2 thousand trillion tons So pA = matm g So matm = pA/g = p (4πR2)/g = 5.2 x1018 kg

  17. Let’s calculate: 1 gallon of gas produces 8 kg of carbon dioxide Vehicles add 5 x 1012 kg of CO2 into the atmosphere each year. IS THAT A BIG NUMBER? Mass of atmosphere = 5.2 x1018 kg

  18. i.e. One part of CO2 per million parts of atmospheric mass per year. (in volume units it is nearly 0.7 ppmv/yr) This is for vehicles only (add power plants etc. and it comes to around 2 ppmv/yr)

  19. CO2 YEAR

  20. CO2and Temperature

  21. temperature Carbon dioxide Easy to understand Much harder to understand

  22. The State of Our Global Temperature The 10 warmest years have all occurred since 1994

  23. GreenhouseGases

  24. 310 N2O (ppb) 250 360 CO2 (ppm) 260 1750 CH4 (ppb) 750 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 Year The State of Our Atmosphere Data from IPCC

  25. CO2and Temperature

  26. HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX VS. ENERGY USE From A Pasternack LLNL Rep. No. UCLR-ID 140773 (Oct. 2000)

  27. INDIA CO2 EMISSIONS Carbon dioxide Information center CDIAC.ORNL.GOV

  28. INDIA CO2/capita

  29. US CO2/capita Carbon dioxide Information Center cdiac.ornl.gov

  30. US CO2 emissions Carbon dioxide Information Center cdiac.ornl.gov

  31. Carbon emissions are related to: • Population (N) • amount of carbon to make a unit of energy (C/E) • energy usage per unit of GDP (E/GDP) • GDP/capita (GDP/N)

  32. Kaya Identity N = population GDP = Gross Domestic Product E = energy usage C=carbon into the atmosphere

  33. C Kaya Identity: = N x GDP/N x Hoffert et al “Nature” V.395 29 Oct. 1998 E/GDP x C/E

  34. CO2 and global warming are due to:Population increase(demography, geography,economics,sociology,psychology,history….)Increase in standard of living(development,sociology,economics,business,engineering,government………… )The amount of carbon we use to produce the energy(engineering, chemistry,physics,materials science…….)The energy usage per unit of GDP(business, economics,engineering,operations research……..)

  35. MORE INFO: Google 1. IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) 2. UCS (Union of Concerned Scientists) 3. Tom Pfaff’s Sustainability Calculus Page 4. State of the Planet course, Cornell 5. Institute for the Environment, Berkeley

  36. ACTION 1.Internalization 2.Education/Research 3.Outreach 4.Involvement with policy 5. Examine Tradition

  37. IPCC 2007

More Related