Cell Membrane Components and Transport Processes

1. If the concentration of solutes in a cell is LESS than the concentration of solutes in the environment, then the fluid in the environment is said to be____. 2) Cholesterol within the membrane helps it to stay______. 3) Which solution pictured is Isotonic? 4) This diagram represents what type of transport? Warm-Up #13 11/15/12

2. Unit 4 Review Sheet • We will go over the answers now • Correct any you got wrong and take it home to study tonight Folder due tomorrow for Extra Credit!

3. 1) Draw and label a cell membrane that includes the following components: • Phospholipid molecules • Cholesterol molecules • Protein molecules • Channel • Carrier • Carbohydrate markers

4. 2) What molecule makes up a lipid bilayer? - phosphate heads and fatty acid (lipid) tails= Phospholipids! 3) Describe what makes up the lipid bilayer - Phospholipids, Proteins, Carbohydrates and cholesterol

5. 4) Draw and label a phospholipid molecule that has a saturated and an unsaturated fatty acid chain. Label the head and tails and tell which are hydrophilic and hydrophobic, water soluble and water insoluble.

6. 5) In what direction does diffusion always go? - From High to Low concentration 6) Describe concentration gradient. - Amount of a solution in and outside of a cell. How the solution moves.

7. 7) Simple diffusion uses what part of the cell membrane? Describe some molecules that can use this process to pass through the cell membrane. - Uses phospholipids and channel proteins. Water, Oxygen, CO2 • Describe the differences between carrier and channel proteins and explain when they might be used. - Channel proteins are always open and used in passive transport. Carrier proteins open and closed with the input of energy (active transport)

8. Would simple diffusion or facilitated diffusion be the process needed to move an amino acid across the cell membrane? Explain why you chose your answer. - Facilitated Diffusion, amino acids are too big to get thru membrane without help 10) What are two main differences between passive and active transport. - Passive= no energy, High to low - Active = needs energy, low to high

9. 11) Explain what process might happen if a white blood cell comes in contact with a bacterium. - Engulf it, Endocytosis (phagocytosis) 12) What does the Golgi apparatus package proteins or hormones for secretion in? - vesicles and releases it at the membrane (exocytosis)

10. 13) Diffusion of water happens so often that it has its own name—what is it? - OSMOSIS 14) If you put a carrot into a salt water solution, what will happen to the carrot cells? Will they shrink or burst? Explain your answer. - Plasmolysis, cell would shrink because it is loosing water. (Hypertonic solution)

11. 15) Why are the solutions used in medical treatments isotonic? What would happen if you received an intravenous fluid that was hypotonic? - To maintain homeostasis, A hypotonic IV solution would cause cells to swell and burst 16) Draw a picture of a red blood cell in a hypertonic solution

12. 17) Draw a picture of a plant cell in a hypotonic solution. 18) Define turgor pressure and plasmolysis with regard to plant cells. - Turgor pressure= cell wall swells -Plasmolysis= Cell membrane shrivels away from the wall

13. 19) Which structures in plant and bacterial cells protect them from the effect of osmotic pressure? - Cell wall, hard protein covering 20) Draw a Venn diagram that compares and contrasts passive and active transport.

14. 21) What is endocytosis? What are the two types? - Bringing food, materials into the cell. Phagocytosis and pinocyctosis. 22) What is exocyctosis? How is it different from endocyctosis? - Exocytosis removes waster and materials form the cell, ednocyctosis brings them in

15. 23) In what direction does water move in a hypertonic solution? A hypotonic solution? - hypertonic= water moves out - hypotonic= water moves in 24) What makes up the fibers in the cell wall that allow it to be slightly flexible? - Protein Fibers 25) What are all 3 names for the cell membrane? - Plasma membrane, lipid bilayer, Fluid mosaic model

16. Review Jeopardy!

17. Transport Graphic Organizer • You have 10 minutes to work with your clock buddy to complete the graphic organizer • Use your passive and active notes • This will go in your folder as notes #4 Folder due tomorrow for Extra Credit!

18. Warm –Up #12 11/14/12 • Label the picture below with phosphate, lipids, hydrophilic, & hydrophobic • What makes a channel protein different from a carrier protein? 3) List the three main differences between passive and active transport. • Explain what is happening in the picture. Use vocab words