Warm-up

1. Warm-up • Write a homework reminder! • Update your Table of Contents for today! • While I check your EOG Booklet, discuss with your table partner: What do you think are some indicators that determine if water is healthy or unhealthy? What did we test for last class?

2. Somebody call the doctor!An introduction to water health

3. How do we know if our water is healthy? There are PHYSICAL, CHEMICAL & BIOLOGICAL indicators that work together to determine the health of the water

4. Temperature • Definition: How hot or cold the water is • Healthy:The correct temperature to support the things that live in it. • Unhealthy:Too high (970F) or too low (320F) and will hurt or kill things that live in it.

5. Temperature Causes of Temperature Change: • loss or gain of shade • heat pollution • seasonal changes/global changes Effects of Temperature Change: • decreased levels of dissolved oxygen (DO) • increased bacteria levels • increased algae growth

6. turbidity • Definition: A measure of how cloudy water is due to “stuff” in it. • Healthy:Drinking water should be at or below 1 NTU; Salt water = below 25 NTU; fresh water = below 50 NTU • Unhealthy: Drinking water = above 5 NTU; Salt water = above25 NTU; Freshwater = above 50 NTU

7. turbidity Causes of Turbidity Change: • erosion • run-off • disturbance of water • algae growth Effects of Turbidity: • increased temperature • decrease in DO • clogs gills in organisms

8. ph • Definition: Measure of how acidic or basic the water is • Healthy: Has to be the correct level for the type of water. Freshwater: 6.0 8.0; Saltwater is usually between 7.5 8.5 • Unhealthy: Is not the right level for the type of water or to support life.

9. ph Causes of pH level change: • acid rain or other chemicals • minerals washing into water Effects of pH level change: • death to sensitive plants and animals

10. pH mini lab Levels: 06 is acidic 7 is neutral 814 is basic (alkaline)

11. pH mini lab • To demonstrate the idea of pH, you tested 4 things and recorded their pH level. What were the pH levels, and based on the reading, were they an acid, base or neutral?

12. Dissolved Oxygen • Definition: Oxygen gas dissolved in the water • Healthy: Right amount dissolved oxygen = lots of life; 4-5 ppm is optimal • Unhealthy:Low dissolved oxygen = little or no life

13. Dissolved Oxygen Causes of Change in DO Levels: • increased temperature • decaying plant matter Effects of Change of DO Levels: • less diversity of species • fish kills

14. Nutrients • Definition: Something that is usually good, but can become toxic when there is too much • Healthy: The right amount of nitrates, phosphates, sunlight, minerals like salt = lots of life • Unhealthy: Too many or not enough nutrients = little or no life • nitrates = above 1 ppm • phosphates = above .003 ppm

15. Nutrients Causes of Nutrient Level Changes: • fertilizer run-off • animal waste run-off • detergent waste from industry Effects of Nutrient Level Changes: • EUTROPHICATION • low DO

16. EUTROPHICATION FLOW CHARTExcess Nutrients  Algae Bloom (pond scum)  darkness belowsurface  photosynthesis stops decomposers & other organismsuse up oxygen DEATH Of Organisms

17. Bio-indicators • Definition: Macro-invertebrates that live in the water and are sensitive to pollution • Healthy: A lot of bio-indicators = healthy water • Unhealthy: Little or no bio-indicators = unhealthy water

18. Bio-indicators Causes of Change in Bio-Indicator Levels: • increased levels of pollution Effects of Change in Bio-Indicator Levels: • damages food chain • loss of organisms

19. “Game changers” MERCURY • Natural element that is toxic – dumped in water from industries • Usually affects people through eating fish from mercury contaminated water • Causes kidney damage & brain/neurological disorders

20. “Game changers” COLIFORM BACTERIA • Bacteria commonly found in water, soil and vegetation • Some forms are harmless, but can indicate the presence of fecal matter or other harmful bacteria like E.Coli

21. You be the doctor! • Use the notes you just took to: • Diagnose the possible cause of the water issues on the Water Quality Checklist • Decide if the water is healthy or unhealthy

22. Vocabulary Splash • All of the vocabulary words will be on the slide. • Study the words for 30 seconds. • Next slide will be missing 1 of the words from the original slide. • Write down the word that is missing and its definition as quickly as possible.

23. Nutrients Mercury pH Turbidity Temperature Bio-Indicators Dissolved Oxygen Coliform

24. Nutrients Mercury pH Turbidity Temperature Dissolved Oxygen Coliform

25. Nutrients mercury pH Turbidity Temperature Bio-Indicators Dissolved Oxygen Coliform

26. Nutrients mercury pH Temperature Bio-Indicators Dissolved Oxygen Coliform

27. Nutrients mercury pH Turbidity Temperature Bio-Indicators Dissolved Oxygen Coliform

28. Nutrients pH Turbidity Temperature Bio-Indicators Dissolved Oxygen Coliform

29. Nutrients mercury pH Turbidity Temperature Bio-Indicators Dissolved Oxygen Coliform

30. Nutrients mercury Turbidity Temperature Bio-Indicators Dissolved Oxygen Coliform

31. Nutrients mercury pH Turbidity Temperature Bio-Indicators Dissolved Oxygen Coliform

32. Nutrients mercury pH Turbidity Temperature Bio-Indicators Dissolved Oxygen

33. Nutrients mercury pH Turbidity Temperature Bio-Indicators Dissolved Oxygen Coliform

34. Nutrients mercury pH Turbidity Temperature Bio-Indicators Coliform

35. Nutrients mercury pH Turbidity Temperature Bio-Indicators Dissolved Oxygen Coliform

36. homework • Checkpoint #3 NEXT WEEK! • Bring rain boots/shoes & clothes you can get dirty for class next…we are going to the creek!