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The Cardiovascular System The Heart

The Cardiovascular System The Heart. Functions of the Heart. Generating blood pressure Routing blood Heart separates pulmonary and systemic circulations Ensuring one-way blood flow Heart valves ensure one-way flow Regulating blood supply

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The Cardiovascular System The Heart

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  1. The Cardiovascular System The Heart

  2. Functions of the Heart • Generating blood pressure • Routing blood • Heart separates pulmonary and systemic circulations • Ensuring one-way blood flow • Heart valves ensure one-way flow • Regulating blood supply • Changes in contraction rate and force match blood delivery to changing metabolic needs

  3. Size, Shape, Location of the Heart • Size of a closed fist • Shape • Apex: Blunt rounded point of cone • Base: Flat part at opposite of end of cone • Located in thoracic cavity

  4. Heart Cross Section

  5. Heart Wall • Three layers of tissue • Epicardium: This serous membrane of smooth outer surface of heart • Myocardium: Middle layer composed of cardiac muscle cell and responsibility for heart contracting • Endocardium: Smooth inner surface of heart chambers

  6. Heart Wall Layers

  7. Heart Wall Layers

  8. External Anatomy • Four chambers • 2 atria • 2 ventricles • Auricles • a small, muscular pouch at the upper corner of the atrium • Major veins • Superior vena cava • Pulmonary veins • Major arteries • Aorta • Pulmonary trunk

  9. External Anatomy

  10. Heart Valves • Atrioventricular • Tricuspid • Bicuspid or mitral • Semilunar • Aortic • Pulmonary • Prevent blood from flowing back

  11. Heart Valves

  12. Function of the Heart Valves

  13. Blood Flow Through Heart

  14. Interactive Heart • Go to: • http://www.innerbody.com/image_card02/card51-new.html • And use the inteactive explorer to practice your knowledge of the heart.

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