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Lecture 12 : Other Animal Tissues

Lecture 12 : Other Animal Tissues. 1) Proper. a) Loose. 1) Epithelial tissue النسيج الطلائي. Types of animal tissues. a) Skeletal. 2) Skeletal. 3 ) Blood. c ) Fibrous. b ) Cartilage. 4) Nervous tissue النسيج العصبي. a) Bone. b) Adipose. b) Cardiac.

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Lecture 12 : Other Animal Tissues

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  1. Lecture 12: Other Animal Tissues 1) Proper a)Loose 1) Epithelial tissue النسيج الطلائي Types of animal tissues a)Skeletal 2)Skeletal 3)Blood c)Fibrous b)Cartilage 4) Nervous tissueالنسيج العصبي a)Bone b)Adipose b)Cardiac 3) Muscular tissueالنسج العضلي 2) Connective tissueالنسيج الضام c)Smooth

  2. 2- Skeletal Connective Tissues الأنسجة الضامة الهيكلية A- Bone العظم • Produces solid matrix of calcium phosphate and collagen fibers. • Each osteonمحافظ عظمية (Haversian systems) has a central canal containing blood vessels and nerves. • Bone is harder than cartilage. • The functions of bone are support, movement, protection of internal organs, mineral storage (calcium, phosphate) and blood cell development.

  3. B- Cartilage الغضروف • Support soft tissues (nose, ear, trachea and vertebral discs). • Sliding areas for joints, facilitate تسهيل bone movements. • The mature cell in cartilage is a chondrocyte خلية غضروفية • Cells are found in Lacunae فجوات (ثغور)within the matrix. • Fibers may be elastic or non-elastic

  4. 3- Blood (Vascular Tissue) الدم (النسيج الوعائي) • The matrix is a liquid called plasma (55%): • 90% water • 10% proteins, hormones, vitamins, nutrients etc. • There are three types of blood cells (45%).

  5. Third: Muscular tissues الأنسجةالعضلية Characterized by تتميز بما يلي • Tissue with cells having muscle fibers ألياف عضليةspecialized for contraction الانقباض. • It has large numbers of myofibrilsلُيَيفات عضلية made of the contractile المنقبضproteins actin الأكتينand myosinالميوسين

  6. Types of Muscular Tissues • There are three types of muscular tissues in the vertebrate body. 1- Skeletal Muscles العضلات الهيكلية • It attaches to bones by tendons الأوتار • Responsible for voluntary movements الحركات الإرادية • Also called striated muscles عضلات مخططة 2- Cardiac muscles العضلات القلبية • It is found in the wall of the heart. • Cardiac muscles are branched. • Intercalated discالأقراص البينية 3- Smooth muscles العضلات الملساء • No striations. • It is found in the walls of the digestive system, urinary bladder, arteries, and other internal organs. • The shape of the cells are spindle-shaped الشكل المغزلي

  7. Fourth: Nervous tissues الأنسجةالعصبية • Nervous tissue is the main component of the nervous system. • The functional unit of nervous tissue is the neuron النيورون, or nerve cell. • It consists of three parts: a cell body جسم الخلية, a single axon المحورand dendrites الزوائدالعصبية • Dendrites transmit nerve impulses from their tips toward the rest of the neuron. • Axons transmit impulses toward another neuron, muscles or glands.

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