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American Foreign Policy

American Foreign Policy. Between Korea and Vietnam. The Suez Crisis: 1956. Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser nationalized the Suez Canal in the summer of ’56 October of ’56, Israel, France and Britain attacked Egypt USA applied great pressure for the invasion to stop.

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American Foreign Policy

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  1. American Foreign Policy Between Korea and Vietnam

  2. The Suez Crisis: 1956 • Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser nationalized the Suez Canal in the summer of ’56 • October of ’56, Israel, France and Britain attacked Egypt • USA applied great pressure for the invasion to stop

  3. The Hungarian Uprising: Oct 23-Nov 10, 1956 • At the same time as Suez, the USSR was ruthlessly putting down an uprising in Hungary • USA did nothing to help the Hungarians and their revolution was crushed by the Soviets • Began as a student demonstration • Government fell and revolt spread quickly

  4. Hungarian Uprising • Looked like the Soviets would withdraw, but on Nov 4, Politbureau moved to crush revolution • Casualties: 2500 Hungarians and 700 Soviet troops

  5. Results • Mass arrests and denunciations continued • Soviets installed a puppet government in Jan 1957 • Suppressed all public opposition • Why didn’t the USA get involved? • Secretary of State asked the UN to discuss crisis but Suez earned more attention • “Radio Free Europe” encouraged Hungarians to resist so the UN and the USA could intervene

  6. The U2 Incident • A US spy plane was shot down over the USSR on May 1, 1960 • USA denies it—said it was a NASA plane researching weather patterns • USSR has the pilot: Francis Gary Powers • Clearly a military mission and Ike is caught in a lie • Khrushchev demands an apology at Paris summit—leaves because he doesn’t get one.

  7. Revolution in Cuba • Cuba was a US protectorate until 1959 • Fidel Castro overthrew Cuban dictator Fulgencio Batista • Castro expropriated US property without compensation

  8. Bay of Pigs Invasion • USA broke diplomatic relations with Cuba in Jan 1961 • April, Cuban exiles with direct US support invaded Cuba at the Bay of Pigs • Invasion forces were defeated and President Kennedy had to admit US involvement and pay Castro $60 million to get survivors released from captivity

  9. Thirteen Days in October ‘62 • The USA discovered that the USSR was placing nuclear missiles in Cuba. • The US placed a naval blockade on Cuba and ordered the USSR to remove the missiles or face nuclear war • USSR complied on the thirteenth day when their ships met the American blockade in the Atlantic • US promised not to invade Cuba and to remove its missiles from Turkey

  10. The Berlin Wall • In April 1961, Soviet Premier Khrushchev solved the problem of East Germans escaping to West Berlin by building the wall between the two sides • “Checkpoint Charlie”

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