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How to differentiate between physical and chemical properties

How to differentiate between physical and chemical properties. Alexis Roberts, Yary Urena , Quintessia Green, and Natalia Casas Team 5 3 rd Period. Physical Properties.

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How to differentiate between physical and chemical properties

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  1. How to differentiate between physical and chemical properties Alexis Roberts, YaryUrena, Quintessia Green, and Natalia Casas Team 5 3rd Period

  2. Physical Properties • Physical Characteristics can be observed and measured without changing the kind of matter being studied. • The following physical properties can used to help identify a substance.

  3. Melting Point • Melting Point- the temperature at which a solid can change to a liquid. • The temperature at which a pure substance melts does not change under constant conditions. • The melting point of a pure substance can be used as a physical property.

  4. Boiling Point Boiling Point- The temperature at which a liquid boils As long as the substance is boiling, the temperature remains constant • During the process of boiling, a substance changes from a liquid to a gas • Boiling begins when the liquid starts to form bubbles, which grow larger, rise to the surface and burst. • Boiling point is unchanging under constant conditions for a given substance, so it can used as a physical property

  5. Density Density- a property that describes the relationship between the mass of the material and its volume. For example, the density of lead is much greater than the density of aluminum • Substances that have higher densities contain more matter in a given volume • The density of a substance will stay the same no matter how large or small the sample of the substance is

  6. Color • The color is used to identify substances and other properties • The color itself is not a significant identifier of a substance • Whenever there is no color, it is also a physical property

  7. Chemical Properties • Chemical Properties are also used as identifiers of a substance • These chemical properties can only be recognized whenever the chemicals react to each other or whenever they don’t • The chemical property of one substance usually involves its ability to react according to another specific substance or not

  8. Reacting with Oxygen • An example of a chemical property is the ability of a substance to burn, this chemical property allows a substance to react quickly with oxygen to produce light and heat • This reaction occurs when iron begins to rust or apples turn brown

  9. Reacting with Acids • When a substance has the ability to react with substance, it is also a chemical property • Some metals react with react with many acids to form compounds • Not all metals react with all acids • Bases react with acids to form water and to neutralize the acid

  10. Physical Changes • Physical changes do not change the composition of a substance, only the physical properties. • Evidences of a physical change include…

  11. Change in State of Matter • When a substance changes from one state to the other (liquid to solid, liquid to gas, etc.)the composition of the substance stays the same • Ex. Of change of state: melting ice cream • When a substance changes from gas → solid or solid → gas, that change of state is called sublimation • This is still a physical change because composition of the substances stays the same

  12. Change in Shape and Size • When a substance changes in a size or shape (Cutting, tearing, dissolving, stretching, or wrinkling) its composition stays the same • EX: shredding paper, dissolving sugar in water, denting a piece of metal

  13. Chemical Changes • Chemical changes result in the formation of one or more new substances with new chemical and physical properties. • Evidence that a chemical change may have occurred include…

  14. Color Change When a Substance changes color it shows the chemical reaction & how the chemical composition has changed, for example: Iron turning reddish-brown when it rust But it is possible that a substance can have a color change without a chemical change, for example: Putting food coloring in water

  15. Temperature Change • When 2 Substances Are Combined, There Could Be An Increase Or Decrease In Temperature Like When Fire Burns Wood, The Temperature INCREASES • Its Is Possible To Have A Temperature Change WITHOUT A Change Without A Chemical Change Like Warming Up The Water In A Pond

  16. Formation Of A Precipitation • When TWO Solution Combine They May Form A Solid Substance. This Solid Substance Is Called A .. PRECIPITATE & Indicates That A Chemical Change Has Occurred. • When Carbon Dioxide I Combined Is Combined With Aqueous Calcium Hydroxide (Limewater); Solid Calcium Carbonate (Chalk) Is Formed As The Particles, Appearing As Cloudiness In The Solution Or As A Sold Which Settles To The Bottom Of The Container.

  17. Formation Of a Gas • When A Solid Or Liquid Substance Are Combined, They Form GAS BUBBLES • The Formation Of The Gas May Indicate That A Chemical Reaction Has Taken Place, Like When Vinegar Is added To Baking Soda, It Forms CARBON DIOXIDE BUBBLES • It Is Possible To Form Gas WITHOUT A Chemical Change, Like When Is Heated To Boiling

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