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Central Mine Planning & Design Institute LTD.

Learn about the formation and types of coal, its significance as a non-renewable energy source, and its crucial role in sustaining economic growth in India.

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Central Mine Planning & Design Institute LTD.

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  1. Central Mine Planning & Design Institute LTD. - Frontiers of Knowledge 14th August’09

  2. Basics of Coal • Type of rock composed almost entirely of organicmatter • Inhomogeneous Fossil fuel created from the remains of plants that lived and died about 100 to 400 million years ago. • Most abundant of fossil fuels • Non-renewable energy source because it takes millions of years to form. • Coal seams range in thickness from a fraction of an inch to hundreds of feet.

  3. Coal Formation • Two coal origin theories – • Drift origin : • Plants and vegetation carried away by rivers and channels and deposited in basins. • Indian coals are of drift origin. • High in ash content. • In-situ origin : • Plants burried at the place of existence. • Low in ash content. • General process of coal formation (coalification) - Coal comes from dead plant matter falling into the swampy water. The weight of top layers of water and dirt packed down the lower layers of plant matter. Under heat and pressure, this plant matter underwent chemical and physical changes, pushing out oxygen and leaving rich hydrocarbon deposits.

  4. Types of Coal • Based on stages of formation - • Peat : 1st stage of coalification, least carbon % • Lignite : brown coal, soft, low energy density • Bituminous : Highest energy density. Most abundant • Anthracite (Hard coal) : Metamorphic, highest carbon %, less abundant • Based on Caking properties • Coking coal : • On heating swells and fuse to form hard and porous mass called coke which can provide concentrated heat and withstand some pressure. • Used extensively in metallurgical industry. • Non-coking coal : • Cols lacking caking properties • Used in Power, cement, fertilisers and heat intensive industries.

  5. Coal : The primary source of energy in India • 55% share in commercial energy needs • 64% share in power generation • 70% share in steel making • 78% of coal consumed in power generation • Reserve -267 BT as on 01.04.2009 including proved reserve of 106 BT assessed by GSI • Our coal reserve is 10.2% of world total, which stands reasonably good compared to 0.8% for oil / natural gas • Compared to other sources of energy, coal has better availability, affordability, quality & price predictability Being a vital input for many infrastructural industries, coal plays a dominant role in sustaining economic growth of India

  6. 492.95 mts . 2008-09 Systematic Mining The Growth of Indian Coal Industry Coal Production . • Nationalisation of • non-Coking coal mines 80.93mts • Nationalisation of coking • coal mines 1956 Setting up of NCDC a Govt. UT 1956 Takeover of SCCL mines by Govt. Coal Production 1947 Advent of Independence . 1946 Coal Production 30 mts. 6.12mts 1942 Coal Production 29 mts. 1920 Coal Production18 mts. 1900 Coal Production6.12 mts. 1774 Start of Coal Mining in India

  7. Coal Industry in India (2008-09) 42.84mt Private Govt Companies 450.11mt Singareni Collieries Ltd Coal India Limited IISCO TISCO Others NEC 44.54mt 403.73 mt 1.01mt 1.02mt 7.28mt 35.56mt ECL BCCL CCL WCL SECL NCL MCL CMPDI NCL 44.7mt 101.15mt 63.65mt 96.34mt 28.14mt 25.51mt 43.24mt Expl, Plng

  8. Captive Producers in Indian Coal Sector

  9. CIL YEAR (1975) ECL BCCL CCL WCL NCL MCL SECL YEAR (1975) YEAR (1972) YEAR (1975) YEAR (1975) YEAR (1986) YEAR (1986) YEAR (1992) RI-I, Asansol RI-II, Dhanbad RI-IV, Nagpur RI-III, Ranchi RI-V, Bilaspur RI-VI, Singrauli RI-VII, Bhubaneswar CMPDI YEAR (1975)

  10. COAL INDIA LTD – PROFILE • India is the 3rd largest coal producing country after China and USA. • Coal India • Contributes around 82% of coal production in India. • Single largest coal producing company in the world. • Employs over 410 thousand persons and is the largest corporate employer in the country. • One of the largest Companies in the country, turnover being Rs. 45797 crore in 2008-09 • One of the largest tax payer in India. • Paid Dividend of Rs. 3330 crores to the Govt. of India in 2008-09. • Paid about Rs. 7200 crs. towards royalty, cess, sales tax, Stowing Excise duty and Entry tax during 2008-09.

  11. CMPDI • Established in 1975 as a subsidiary of Coal India Ltd. as an in-house consultant to Coal India and its subsidiary companies • A Mini-Ratna Company providing consultancy services to various government & private organisations in the field of exploration & mine planning • An ISO 9001:2000 company

  12. CMPDI ORGANISATION IN INDIA Manpower (as on 1.8.2009) Executive : 804 Non-Executive : 2313 Total : 3117 No. of Drilling Camps : 19 No. of drill M/c : 55

  13. CMPDIServices CMPDI provides its services to: • CIL & Subsidiaries • Outside-CIL Clients • Ministry of Coal & Govt. Agencies

  14. CMPDIServices To CIL & Subsidiaries • Integrated exploration service -Drilling - Geophysical surveys - Hydrogeological studies - Geological reports, etc.

  15. CMPDIServices • Master Planning of Coalfields • Preparation of pre-feasibility reports, feasibility / project reports, advance action proposals and revised cost estimates for new mining projects • Annual operational plans for large opencast mines

  16. CMPDIServices • Preparation of project reports and working drawings for coal washeries, coal handling plants and various infrastructure facilities

  17. CMPDIServices • Preparation of EMPs (Environment Management Plans) and EIAs (Environment Impact Assessment)

  18. CMPDIServices • Bid documents for CHPs (Coal Handling Plants), Workshops, Sub-stations and other infrastructural facilities • Annual assessment of mine capacity and HEMM/equipment performance for all mines of CIL • Technical services related to blasting, ventilation, support design, non-destructive testing, etc.

  19. CMPDIServices • Laboratory testing services for coal characterisation, washability, air/water quality, physico-mechanical properties of rocks, etc. • Management services for ISO Certification • Energy audit / conservation studies

  20. CMPDIServices To CIL & Subsidiaries … • Mining electronics and repair/testing of electronic components of equipment • Third-party inspection for quality checking of materials and random testing of explosives • CBM (Coalbed Methane) & UCG (Underground Coal Gasification) related services • Special Reports • Geomatics Services • Nodal agency for CIL R&D projects

  21. CMPDI Services To Outside-CIL Clients • Similar services are being provided to companies outside CIL also and based on open market bidding or specific requisition for such services • Major outside-CIL Clients • SAIL • NLC • SCCL • TISCO • Reliance Power • Hutti Gold Mines Co. Ltd. • Baitarni West Coal Company Ltd. • Directorate General of Hydrocarbons • Central Electricity Authority • Manganese Ore (India) Ltd. • RSMML • NTPC, etc.

  22. CMPDIServices To Ministry of Coal/ Other Ministries • Promotional exploration, Integrated Coal Resource Information System (ICRIS) and detailed drilling for non-CIL blocks • Nodal agency for other Central Sector schemes, viz research projects under S&T scheme and Environmental Measures & Subsidence Control (EMSC) projects • Identification of captive mining blocks and related services • Technical Services including preparation of Special Reports • Preparation of data packages for Coal Bed Methane (CBM) blocks for Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas (MoP&NG)

  23. Salient Achievements

  24. Salient Achievements • CMPDI, since inception, carried out • over 84 lakh metres of drilling in coal blocks spread in 8 states • prepared about 1500 Geological Reports for upgrading the coal resources of 85 BT to ‘Proved’ category. • planned about 950 Project Reports with individual project capacity planned upto 35 Mty. • prepared 431 Environment Management Plans. Environment clearance has been obtained for 307 projects. • Growth in coal production from 89 MT in 1975 to 403.73 MT in 2008-09 supported by planning and design services from CMPDI. • All the washeries (11 nos.) after formation of Coal India have been planned by CMPDI.

  25. Growth in Indian Coal Resources (Bt) Figure for 2009 indicates coal resources as on 1st April of 2009. Note: CMPDI, since inception, prepared about 1500 GRs upgrading the coal resources of 85 BT to ‘Proved’ category

  26. Growth in Indian Coal Resources (Bt) Figure in Billion Tonne As on 1.4.09 As on 1.1.76 105.8 (Proved) 37.9 (Inferred) 30.9 20.7 32.1 123.5 (Indicated) TOTAL COAL RESOURCES – 83.7 BT TOTAL COAL RESOURCES – 267.2 BT PROVED INDICATED INFERRED

  27. Growth in Exploratory Drilling (lakh m) Outsourcing: 1) 7.29 lakh m - awarded in 2008-09 2) 1.0 lakh m per annum - MoU signed with MECL for 5 years

  28. Growth of Coal Production in CIL Exploration, Planning and EMP preparation for all new projects has been done by CMPDI.

  29. DEMAND SUPPLY GAP (Projected) (Million Tonnes) Source: Working Group on Coal & Lignite for XI Plan

  30. Salient Achievements Since inception, planning for following mine infrastructure have been carried out: • Coal Handling Facilities - Major – 80 Nos. (157 Mty) Minor – 129 Nos. (108 Mty) • Sub-Station (>1 MVA) - 130 Nos. (1675 MVA) • Workshops Central Workshop – 7 Nos. Regional Workshop- 33 Nos. Project Workshop - 154 Nos

  31. Financial Performance Customer-wise Breakup of Sales 2008-09

  32. Activity-wise Sales to CIL Subsidiaries 2008-09

  33. Breakup of expenditure 2008-09

  34. Financial Performance Customer-wise Breakup of Sales 2008-09

  35. Activity-wise Sales to CIL Subsidiaries 2008-09

  36. Breakup of expenditure 2008-09

  37. Thrust Areas • Enhancement of Exploration capacity of CMPDI • Application of Remote Sensing: Land reclamation monitoring based on satellite data • ICRIS • Clean Development Mechanism • CBM/CMM/AMM • R&D in Coal Sector

  38. Enhancement of Exploration Capacity of CMPDI

  39. Priorities of Exploration in XI Plan • Enhancement in drilling capacity through - expansion - outsourcing • Departmental drilling capacity of CMPDI to be enhanced from 2 to 4 Lakh metre per annum by the end of XI plan. • Efforts made to enhance total drilling capacity to 10 lakh metre/annum. • Matching enhancement in Geological, Geophysical & Laboratory Services.

  40. Actions toEnhanceDepartmentalCapacity • No. of drills increased from 47 to 55. • Supply Order for 3 more drills placed. • Capital of Rs.106 cr approved for a) 23 hydro-static/non-coring drills etc. b) Expansion of Geophysical Exploration capacity • Global tendering for - High-tech coring drills (18) – Supply Order placed for 2 drills - Non-coring drills (5) – re-tendering done, bid submission in June ‘09 - Geophysical Loggers (2) - tender under finalization - Seismograph (1) – Installation & commissioning is in progress

  41. Actionsto EnhanceDepartmental Capacity • Actions initiated to recruit Geologists & Drilling Engineers, through open exam. & campus interview - 10 Geol. recruited (open examination) - 59 Geol. selected (campus interview) - 17 Geol. joined from CIL subsidiaries - 15 Engineers joined in drilling • Requirement of non-executives for addl. drills/lab. - 120 joined from CIL subsidiaries - 19 appointed by CMPDI.

  42. ActionstoEnhanceDepartmental Capacity (Labs.) • State-of-the-art laboratories - Chemical - Petrography. • Coal core generation by CMPDI - Around 40,000m. • Coal core analysis by CMPDI - About 20% - Rest by CIMFR. • Expansion of capacity - Approved by Board - Existing 7000m - Expansion to 30,000m -HQ lab capacity to increase - Two new regional Labs - At RI-V, Bilaspur - At RI-VII, Bhubaneshwar

  43. Application of Remote Sensing

  44. Satellite Based Surveillance for Land Reclamation Monitoring of all the Opencast Projects Of CIL (> 5.0 MILLION Cu.M. Coal+OB)

  45. Following 35 OC Projects of more than 5 Million Cu.M. (Coal+OB) p.a. were monitored during the year 2008-09:

  46. Result of Land Reclamation Monitoring Land reclamation status of 35 OC Projects monitored during the year 2008-09 is as follows :

  47. Company wise Land reclamation status in OC projects ( >5 million Cu.m. Coal +OB ) based on satellite data of year 2008-09

  48. Salient Findings • In Ashoka OCP, land reclamation has increased from 6.25 sq. km (2006) to 6.91 sq. km (2008) • In Gevra and Dipka OCP, plantation increased from 2.99 sq. km(2003) to 7.80 sq. km(2008) • In Singrauli Coalfield, area of plantation has increased from 55.49 sq. km(2007) to 61.06 sq. km(2008) • In Wardha Valley Coalfield, area of plantation has increased from 11.48 sq. km(2005) to 14.05 sq. km(2008)

  49. Land Reclamation Monitoring Programme for the year 2009-10 Following 49 OC Projects will be monitored during 2009-10

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