Chapter 17 Section 2: The Northern Renaissance

1. Chapter 17 Section 2: The Northern Renaissance Bell Ringer: Q1 pg 485

2. Setting the Stage • Classic ideas impressed academics and students who visited Italy. • Merchants spread ideas from Italy to other European urban centers. • 1400’s Renaissance spread to Northern Europe • England • France • Germany

3. The Northern Renaissance Begins • Italy governed by city-states • Northern Europe dominated by monarchs • Renaissance Ideas Spreads • Italy • Artistic Ideas centered on religious glorification • Northern Europe • Artistic Ideas inspire humanist thinking which would lead to social reform

4. Artistic Ideas Spread • 1492 a French king claimed the throne of Naples (South Italy) • Invasion of Italy • Artists move to North Europe for safety. • Students who studied in Italy take ideas to homeland Germany Italy France

5. German Painters Albrecht Durer (Dyur-uhr):wood craving, engravings, paintings, of classical myths and realistic landscapes • Hans Hoblein – Most famous for his portraits which were photographic in detail.

6. Flemish Painter • Support of wealthy merchant families in Flanders help to make Flanders the artistic center of Northern Europe. Now part of France. Pg 469 Find Flanders

7. Flemish Painters • Pieter Bruehgel • Paintings were • Realistic • Detailed • Of the common people • Used rich colors, vivid details of everyday life

8. Analyzing Art • Pg 481 • Skill Builder Question: What do you see? What do think it means?

9. Flemish Artist • Harmensz van Rijn Rembrandt • Was greatest of the Northern Renaissance artist • Known for his use of light and shadow

10. Northern Writers Try to Reform Society • Renaissance writers produced work in the vernacular or in one’s own language. • Northern writers adopted the use of humanism in their writings. • Many writers gave their writings a more religious slant were known as Christian Humanists

11. Christian Humanists • Focus was the reform of society • Education was important • Promoted the education of Women and founded schools attended by both boys and girls

12. Christian Humanists • Sir Thomas More • Writer who wrote about the flaws of society • Most famous work • Utopia – Greek term meaning “No Place” in English came to mean “Ideal Place” • Utopia was about a place that was free from war, crime and greed.

13. Women Reforms Pg 482 Analyzing Primary Sources: What does Pizan argue for in the passage? • Vast majority of Europeans were unable to read and write • Families that could afford it sent only males • Christine de Pizan • Highly educated • Produced many books • Novles, military techniques • Wrote about the objections men had to educating women • Advocated education both sexes

14. English writer-Poet and greatest playwright of all time *Greatest Plays, Globe theatre in London Romeo and Juliet Julius Caesar King Lear Macbeth Hamlet Midsummer Night’s Dream From As You Like It, “All the world's a stage, And all the men and women merely players” William Shakespeare

15. *The Elizabethan Age • *Renaissance of England • Named after the youngest daughter of Henry VIII • Queen Elizabeth I • Good Queen • Patron of the arts in England • *Funded the literature works of William Shakespeare

16. Moveable Type: Printing Press Chinese had invented block printing and movable type. The world's first movable type printing press technology for printing paper books was made of porcelain materials and was invented around AD 1040 in China during the Northern Song Dynasty by the inventor Bi Sheng (990–1051). For Chinese it was impractical because their writing system contains 1000s of characters. However, Europeans languages have fewer letters.

17. Printing Spreads Renaissance Ideas • Block printed items reached Europe from China • *Johann Gutenberg • Reinvented moveable type in 1440 • Craftsman from Germany

18. Gutenberg Invents the Printing Press • *Gutenberg invented the printing press • Invention used to mass produce written work • First printed work = BIBLE • Only 46 copies remain of Gutenberg Bible

19. *Printing Spreads Learning • Enabled mass production of printed word – Books (became less expensive) • New ideas were easily spread (*secular ideas spread too) • Vernacular became more common • People could not afford “Classical” education. • Questioning the Bible since could read it on own! • *Development of printing led to increased literacy – the ability to read. • *Shakespeare’s poems circulated

20. Section 2 Questions • Give one example of how a work of the Renaissance has influenced the modern world? 5-8 sentences. Pg 484, Skillbuilders Q 1,2 • Pg 485Q 3,4,5,7

21. Quick Review • What country did Elizabeth I rule as queen and support the development of Renaissance ideals in her nation? • What was the result of the Elizabethan Age? • Who invented the printing press? • What were the effects of the printing press?