Understanding Diabetes and Pre-Diabetes: Prevention Strategies

1. Getting the Facts on Diet Trends and Exercise as We AgeSenior Series Part 3Nutrition and Activity for Prevention and Treatment of Pre-Daibetes and Diabetes

3. Increasing Prevalence of Diabetes Over Time Improvements in therapies and medical management over time are factored in 2020 Percent of Total Population with Diabetes (Diagnosed and Undiagnosed) 19-20% 13-14% 17-18% 9-10% 15-16% 7-8% 11-12%

4. Increasing Prevalence of Diabetes Over Time Improvements in therapies and medical management over time are factored in 2025 Percent of Total Population with Diabetes (Diagnosed and Undiagnosed) 19-20% 13-14% 17-18% 9-10% 15-16% 7-8% 11-12%

5. Increasing Prevalence of Diabetes Over Time Improvements in therapies and medical management over time are factored in 2030 Percent of Total Population with Diabetes (Diagnosed and Undiagnosed) 19-20% 13-14% 17-18% 9-10% 15-16% 7-8% 11-12%

6. REVIEW WHAT IS DIABETES:

7. REVIEW WHAT IS DIABETES: Diabetes is a disease in which your blood glucose, or blood sugar, levels are too high. Glucose comes from the foods you eat. Insulin is a hormone that helps the glucose get into your cells to give them energy. Over time, having too much glucose in your blood can cause serious problems. It can damage your eyes, kidneys, and nerves. Diabetes can also cause heart disease and stroke.both.

8. http://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/pubs/pdf/ndfs_2011.pdf DIABETES EPIDEMIC • Diabetes affects 25.8 million people, 8.3% of the U.S. population • 18.8 million people diagnosed, 7.0 million people are undiagnosed • Diabetes is the 7th leading cause of death • $327 billion was estimated in direct and indirect costs associated with diabetes in 2017

9. REVIEW: WHAT IS PRE-DIABETES?

10. REVIEW: WHAT IS PRE-DIABETES? A condition where blood sugars are elevated above the desired range, but are not high enough to make a clinical diagnosis of diabetes. Having pre-diabetes puts you at a higher risk of getting type 2 diabetes

11. RISK FACTORS • Uncontrollable • Family History • Age (55+) • Ethnic Background • Women who deliver babies > 9 pounds • Controllable • Obesity • Lack of Physical Activity • Increasing Blood Sugar

12. SYMPTOMS OF DIABETES • Extreme fatigue • Constant hunger • Weight loss • Frequent urination • Blurred vision • Increased thirst

13. TYPES OF DIABETES • Type 1 • Previously referred to as insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or juvenile diabetes. • 5-10% of diagnosed diabetes in the U.S. • Type 2 • Previously referred to as non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) or adult onset. • Most common. Accounts for 90-95% of diagnosed diabetes in the U.S. • Gestational • Develops or is discovered in women during pregnancy.

14. COMPLICATIONS OF DIABETES • Heart Disease • Stroke • High Blood Pressure • Blindness • Kidney Disease • Nervous system disease (e.g. neuropathies) • Amputation • Dental Disease • Digestive Disorders • Other

15. WHAT CAN YOU DO? Get your fasting blood glucose checked Less than 100 mg/dl = Normal 100 – 125 mg/dl = Pre-Diabetes Above 125 mg/dl = Diabetes • Know what your fasting blood glucose number means. • Learn how to decrease your blood glucose levels to prevent diabetes.

16. WHAT CAN YOU DO?

17. LOSE WEIGHT IF OVERWEIGHT • Decrease calories and fat through portion control • Increase physical activity • A moderate weight loss of 10% of body weight can provide great health benefits • Set a goal and make a plan

18. IMPROVE EATING HABITS Eat more whole grains Consume vegetables and fruits Eat breakfast every day and pack your lunch Become aware of your eating habits by keeping a food diary Eat at home more often

19. EXERCISE Find enjoyable activities and hobbies that promote physical activity Work in up to 30 minutes of a physical activity most days of the week Include strength training several times per week

20. PRACTICE STRESS MANAGEMENT • Define your social support network and use it • Make time for social events • Schedule 20 minutes of peaceful “down-time” for yourself every day • Let go of things that are out of your control

21. WHAT CAN YOU DO? • Routine Care • Visit your Primary Care Physician for physical exams as preventive schedule allows • Take prescribed medications as directed • Schedule routine visits with your dentist and eye care professional Prevent complications by controlling: • Blood pressure • Glucose • Cholesterol

23. AVAILABLE RESOURCES:ON THE PHONE • Blues on Call℠ • Health Coaches provide health symptom assessments, information, treatment options, etc. • Tobacco Cessation • Wellness Coaching • Call 1-888-258-3428 for assistance

24. Resources: https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=2ahUKEwj2wsub-criAhWLTd8KHcLDAcEQjRx6BAgBEAU&url=https%3A%2F%2Faltfutures.org%2Fprojects%2Fdiabetes-2030%2F&psig=AOvVaw1ZN8z0FrEYerjwJ5_LcaHS&ust=1559569966543400 https://altfutures.org/projects/diabetes-2030/ https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/statistics/slides/maps_diabetes_trends.pdf https://www.newhealthguide.org/Type-2-Diabetes-Diet.html http://www.diabetes.org/advocacy/news-events/cost-of-diabetes.html

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