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Bulk liquid CO 2 Release Incident

This incident report covers a CO2 leak from a bulk liquid tank at a McDonald's restaurant, including information on CO2 properties, leak detection, emergency shut-off valves, and operational considerations.

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Bulk liquid CO 2 Release Incident

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  1. Bulk liquid CO2 Release Incident McDonald’s Restaurant Incident 12-26-2018 07:59:02 3316 132nd St SE / Mill Creek WA 98012 31D07 2018-00011012 – Carbon Monoxide Alarm (COA)

  2. 3316 132nd St SE, Mill Creek

  3. Door that leads to the CO2 tank.

  4. CO2 properties • Heavier than air: vapor density of 1.53 • Boiling point: -109°F • Simple asphyxiant: displaces oxygen • 1lb of liquid CO2 makes 8.7719 ft3 of gaseous CO2 • OSHA PEL: 5,000 PPM • OSHA IDLH: 40,000 PPM

  5. Bulk liquid tank located inside of McDonald’s • 750 lbs. of liquid CO2 stored in tank • 750lb. x 8.7719 (ft3 /lb.) = 6578 ft3 of 100% CO2 • IDLH is 40,000 PPM or 4% CO2 • Just a 2% CO2 concentration can RR 50% • This tank has the ability to fill store with CO2 above the IDLH.

  6. Leak Detection • Bulk liquid CO2 tanks above 100 lbs. shall have: • approved continuous ventilation; or • approved emergency gas detection alarm system.* • Gas detector requirements: • Local alarm to activate at 5,000 PPM • Detector is mounted near tank at floor level, (<12 inches) • CO2 is 50% heavier than air

  7. Emergency gas detection alarm system Frost on tank indicates system leak or heavy usage.

  8. Emergency shut-off valves • Located on the top of the tank (yellow valves). • Shut valves and ventilate building. • Natural ventilation can be considered due to the gas being heavier than air. • With the doors open, CO2 will flow out of the building. • Below grade leaks: use different tactics.

  9. Operational Considerations • Not all carbon dioxide leaks will be properly reported or dispatched • Full PPE with SCBA required until proven unnecessary • Inspector 31 has a Draeger CO2 detector for definitive evaluation (OK to add Inspector 31 to the incident

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