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Section 2: Evidence of Evolution

Section 2: Evidence of Evolution. Evidence of Evolution. Fossils. FORMS OF EVIDENCE. Similar body structures Patterns of early development DNA sequences Fossils. Comparative anatomy : The comparison of the structures of different organisms.

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Section 2: Evidence of Evolution

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  1. Section 2:Evidence of Evolution

  2. Evidence of Evolution Fossils

  3. FORMS OF EVIDENCE • Similar body structures • Patterns of early development • DNA sequences • Fossils

  4. Comparative anatomy: The comparison of the structures of different organisms. Homologous structures: Body parts that are structurally similar in related species. Body structures

  5. COMPARATIVE ANATOMY

  6. HOMOLOGOUS STRUCTURES

  7. Early Development • In early development, all vertebrates have a tail and tiny slits in their throats.

  8. DNA Sequences • The DNA sequences of different species are similar.

  9. Fossils • 4 types • Molds and casts • Petrified Fossils • Trace Fossils • Preserved Remains

  10. Molds and Casts

  11. Petrified Fossils

  12. Trace fossils

  13. Preserved Remains

  14. Learning from Fossils • The fossil record provides evidence about the history of life and past environments on Earth. • Scientists use fossils to study the rate at which evolution has occurred.

  15. Past environments • Fossils can show how an environment has changed: EX. Coal in Antarctica – coal can only form from the remains of plants that grow in warm regions. (hmmm….)

  16. Gradualism • Scientists are not sure how rapidly species change. • Gradualism proposes that evolution occurs.. but it happens steadily – tiny changes in a species gradually add up to major changes over long periods of time. • Fossil record show sudden change (lack of intermediate forms) – incomplete fossil record?

  17. Punctuated Equilibria • This hypothesis states that species evolve quickly during relatively short periods. • Most scientists think that evolution can occur gradually at some times and more rapidly at others.

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