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The Korean War

The Korean War. Why does it matter today?. I. Background. During WWII, Russian troops occupied N. Korea and US troops in S. Korea 1949, both set up rival regimes at 38 th parallel US determined Korea outside of essential defense perimeter. 38 th Parallel. 38 th Parallel.

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The Korean War

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  1. The Korean War Why does it matter today?

  2. I. Background • During WWII, Russian troops occupied N. Korea and US troops in S. Korea • 1949, both set up rival regimes at 38th parallel • US determined Korea outside of essential defense perimeter

  3. 38th Parallel

  4. 38th Parallel

  5. Kim Il-Sung (North Korea)

  6. II. Fighting Begins • N. Korea and Soviet-made tanks invade (phase 1) • Truman implemented NSC-68 • UN condemnation and support for S. Korea • UN put Truman and MacArthur in charge of war • September 1950: N. Korea had nearly all of peninsula (phase 2)

  7. III. UN Counterattack • MacArthur’s surprise landing at Inchon • Pushes N. Koreans back toward Chinese border (phase 3) • UN calls for unified Korea • Chinese respond and force UN to 38th parallel (phase 4)

  8. Battle at Inchon

  9. Phases of Korean War

  10. IV. MacArthur vs. Truman • MacArthur wants to invade China • Truman wants “limited war” • MacArthur disobeys orders from President • Truman fires MacArthur • Significance: constitutional principle of civilian control of military is reaffirmed

  11. Truman and MacArthur

  12. V. End of War • 2 years of negotiations • Eisenhower wins 1952 election on Korean War platform • 1953 cease-fire still in effect today • DMZ established at 38th parallel with US troops still present • 4 million dead • No clear conclusion • US successfully enforced “containment” policy

  13. Memory Aid for Cold War under President Truman: • Truman’s Truman Doctrine, 1947 • Muscles Marshall Plan, 1947 • Brought Berlin Crisis, 1948-49 • Nasty NATO, 1948 • China China becomes communist, 1949 • Across Atomic bomb exploded by Soviets, 1949 • Korea Korean War, 1950-53

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