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Cell Organelles

Cell Organelles. © J Beauchemin 2006. Cells. Prokaryotic (no nucleus) Only Organelles Are the Ribosomes. Eukaryotic (has nucleus) All of the Organelles. All are unicellular. Unicellular. Multicellular. Example: Amoeba. Example: Human. Example : Bacteria. Cell Organelles.

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Cell Organelles

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  1. Cell Organelles © J Beauchemin 2006

  2. Cells Prokaryotic (no nucleus) Only Organelles Are the Ribosomes Eukaryotic (has nucleus) All of the Organelles All are unicellular Unicellular Multicellular Example: Amoeba Example: Human Example: Bacteria

  3. Cell Organelles “Little organ” • Organelle is called the • Found only inside cells ( that’s what we are made of) • Each one has a very specific job inside every cell in living organisms Little Organs eukaryotic

  4. Cell Membrane • Boundary of the cell • Allows materials in and out of cells • Also called the? Gatekeeper

  5. Nucleus "Brain" • Control center or the of the cell • ContainsDNA which is? • Surrounded by a double membrane • Usually the easiest organelle to see under a microscope • Usually one per cell Deoxyribonucleic acid

  6. Nucleolus • Located inside the nucleus • What is the job of the Nucleolus? Nucleolus Production of Ribosomes

  7. Cytoskeleton • Acts as skeleton and muscle • Provides shape and structure to the cell • Helps move organelles around the cell • Made of three types of filaments

  8. Endoplasmic Reticulum • A.k.a. “ER” • Transports materials throughout the cell • It is called the of ______ the cell • Rough ER: Has Ribosomes on it • Smooth ER: No Ribosomes; it makes lipids " Highways "

  9. Ribosome Production of proteins Site of protein synthesis • Can be attached to rough ER or floating free in cytoplasm • Called? • Produced in a part of the nucleus called the? “Little Factories” Nucleolus

  10. Golgi Body • Looks like a stack of plates • Called the_____ of the cell? • Stores, modifies and packages proteins • Molecules transported to and from the Golgi Body by the? “Mailroom” Vesicles

  11. Lysosomes • Called the______ of the cell • Contain digestive enzymes that break down wastes and old organelles Garbage disposal

  12. Mitochondria • It is called the? • Cellular respiration occurs here: • Has a double membrane • Has its own strands of: “Powerhouse” Release energy from Glucose for the cell to use DNA

  13. Chloroplast Plant cells • Found only in? • Contains the green pigment………..? • Where food, glucose a simple sugar for the cell is produced • Has a double membrane Chlorophyll

  14. Plant cells Cell Wall bacterial • Found only in and cells • What does it do? • Locatedoutsideof the cell membrane • Made of cellulose(fiber) Provides shape and support

  15. Vacuoles • Large central vacuole mainly in ……….cells? • What is the job of the Vacuole? Plant cells Stores waste, food, water and other materials

  16. Centriole • Helps in cell division or……..? • Usually found only in animal cells • Made of microtubules Mitosis

  17. Cells

  18. Review Questions 1. Which organelle is the “Powerhouse” and why? A: Mitochondria, makes energy for the cell. 2. Name the 2 types of Endoplasmic reticulum or ER A: Smooth ER and Rough ER 3. What is the main difference between them? A: Rough ER has Ribosomes on it Smooth ER has no ribosomes 4. What is the nickname for Ribosomes? A: The “Little factories” 5. Why? A: Because Ribosomes produce or make proteins

  19. 6. Why is the cell membrane called the “Gatekeeper? A: Because it controls what substances can enter and leave the cell. 7. Why do you think that is important? A: Try to keep out harmful substances out, allow Glucose,water and Oxygen inside. Allow waste products to leave the cell, such as Carbon Dioxide 8. Which cell type has a cell wall, plant cell or animal cell? A: Plant cell 9. In which organelle in plant cells is Glucose produced? A: Chloroplasts 10.Why do you think plant cells have much larger vacuole than animal cells? A: Plant cells store Glucose, water and other materials

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