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Explore strategies for reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries, including market-based and non-market mechanisms. Discuss potential changes to Kyoto Protocol commitments and financial mechanisms. Address challenges like leakage, baseline setting, and indigenous rights.
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LDC Workshop Bali Land Use, Land-use Change and Forestry Agenda Items for COP and COP/MOP
LDC Workshop Bali COP 13 I. Provisional agenda • 7. Reducing emissions from deforestation in developing countries: approaches to stimulate action. COP/MOP3 Kyoto Protocol Provisional Agenda • 4. Report of the Ad Hoc Working Group on Further Commitments for Annex I Parties under the Kyoto Protocol. • 11. Second review of the Kyoto Protocol pursuant to its Article 9: scope and content. • 13. Adaptation Fund.
LDC Workshop Bali Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice 27th session • 5. Reducing emissions from deforestation in developing countries: approaches to stimulate action. • 9. Methodological issues under the Kyoto Protocol: (b) Implications of possible changes to the limit for small-scale afforestation and reforestation clean development mechanism project activities; (d) Good practice guidance for land use, land-use change and forestry activities under Article 3, paragraphs 3 and 4, of the Kyoto Protocol.
LDC Workshop Bali Subsidiary Body for Implementation 27th Session • 5. Financial mechanism of the Convention: • (a) Fourth review of the financial mechanism; • (b) Report of the Global Environment Facility to the Conference of the Parties and guidance to the Global Environment Facility.
LDC Workshop Bali Reducing Emissions from Deforestation • Definition: Deforestation and Forest Degradation? Market Based Mechanisms: • Type 1: Sectoral CDM (using a national baseline) • Type 2: CDM project activity (using a project level baseline) • Type 3: Voluntary targets (using a national baseline)
100 tonnes $ Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Annex 1 Non Annex I Annex I and Non Annex I 100 tonnes
LDC Workshop Bali Some of these inherent problems with carbon markets include: • Definitional issues: • Devaluing the Market • Over-burdening Annex I Parties • Leakage • Permanence • Additionality • Institutional and governance issue • Measurement Difficulties • Baseline setting • Infringement on the rights of Indigenous Peoples and local communities • Loss of sovereign rights
LDC Workshop Bali Non Market Mechanisms: • Type 4: Nation-wide non-market measures (using national reference scenarios) • Type 5: Project based non-market measures (through the establishment of community trust funds) The greatest disadvantage on non-market approaches is the limit of voluntary funds that may be available to address RED.
LDC Workshop Bali Other Issues: • Pilot Projects • Forest conservation or “avoided deforestation” • Invitation to other institutions (e.g. World Bank)
LDC Workshop Bali 9. Methodological issues under the Kyoto Protocol: (b) Implications of possible changes to the limit for small-scale afforestation and reforestation clean development mechanism project activities; Whether or not to change the limit on small scale Issues: Low incomes communities – will they miss out?
LDC Workshop Bali Subsidiary Body for Implementation 27th Session 5. Financial mechanism of the Convention: (a) Fourth review of the financial mechanism; Special Climate Change Fund Afforestation and reforestation
