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Genocide and Hunger in Darfur

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Genocide and Hunger in Darfur

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  1. Genocide & Hunger in Darfur Katie Stutsman April, 2009 http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0e/Darfur_IDPs_children_sitting.jpg

  2. Introduction • Darfur located in Western Sudan • Crisis considered “worst humanitarian disaster on the planet” • Ethnic Violence • Estimated 1.8 million have been displaced • 70,000 people have died http://organizations.missouristate.edu/stand/Darfur-Map.gif

  3. Historical Perspective • Conflict nothing new to region • Have been many civil wars in the region • Have been conflict all but 11 years in Sudan since gaining independence from U.K. in 1956 • Government has a nearly 30 year history of arming the rebels • Janjaweed comprised of the “Arab” fighters responsible for attacks in region

  4. Darfur Demographics & Climate • Population: 6 million • Persistent Drought Conditions • Several Dozen Tribes • Two Main Competing Interests: • “African” descent; sedentary agriculturalists • “Arab” descent; semi nomadic livestock herders • Hard to tell difference between group • Intermarriages • All Sudanese are African • All Darfurians are uniformly Muslim http://www.chfinternational.org/files/images/3304_file_CHF_Agriculture_Initiatives_in_North_Darfur_State.jpg

  5. International Response • Slow to accept crisis as a genocide • Some argue that it is not an extermination, just a forced removal • EU, Canadian, and British officials have not described conflict as a “genocide” • UN has asked for more information • Celebrities have sparked a media frenzy fueling more attention towards Darfur • Evangelists • Media outlets • Civil Rights Groups

  6. Impact on Society • Men most common victim of death • Attacks also on women, children and elderly • Women victims of rape • 574 villages destroyed • 1.8 million displaced • People must gather in camps • Food crisis result • Conflict surrounding food distribution • Reliance on international aid for food in camps • Increased disease as well

  7. Health • Prevalence of acute bacterial diseases • People mostly die because they cannot get health care, clean water or enough food • U.S. biggest supporter of money for food

  8. An Ethical Perspective • Many people have lost their homes • Many are left hungry, susceptible to disease, death, homes • Not a huge international response • Problem persisted before there was attention • Too much debate over definition of genocide • Time could have been spent more wisely

  9. Economic Implications • Displaced individuals have lost main source of income and food: land • Unsteady markets and poor climate conditions • Not many solid jobs available in the camps • Economic measurement of civilian death is limitless • Very expensive to provide aid to region • U.S. has pledged $100 million to region

  10. Conclusion • Conflict is real and imminent • Sad that much of the attention has been driven by celebrity appeal • Global effort needed to overcome genocide and hunger in the region

  11. Sources Scott, Straus. "Darfur and the Genocide Debate." Foreign Affairs 84 (2005): 123-33. Weissman, Fabrice. “Humanitarian Dilemmas in Darfur.” July 2008. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darfur_conflict

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