DNV serving the energy industry

1. DNV serving the energy industry Wind, wave and tidal energy

2. Type Testing Definitions • Mechanical Loads Measurement, generally per IEC 61400-13 This test is characterized by application of numerous strain gages, accelerometers, displacement and position sensors on a machine for purposes to measure loads in the machine structure. It requires installation of a hub height meteorological mast; the data system typically runs for at least 6 months as a remote installation. • Power Performance Measurement, generally per IEC 61400-12 This test is characterized by measurement of a suite of wind inflow conditions along with approximately ten turbine operation channels, including net power production. It requires installation of a hub height meteorological mast; the data system typically runs for at least several months as a remote installation. • Power Quality Measurement, generally per IEC 61400-21 This test is characterized by very high resolution measurement and analysis of electrical output waveforms to quantify machine attributes such as flicker and total harmonic distortion in a variety of conditions. It is generally continuously attended by engineers and/or technicians for a duration measured in days or weeks. • Acoustic Noise Measurement, generally per IEC 61400-11 This test is characterized by sound recording using a screen-shielded microphone in a standard position and orientation, mounted on a standard platform. Wind speed and direction measurements are referenced to 10 meter height, and often a short meteorological mast of this height is used. It is generally continuously attended by engineers and/or technicians for a duration measured in days or weeks.

3. Type Testing Applications • Mechanical Loads Measurement, generally per IEC 61400-13 This test is most often applied to new turbine designs for purposes of certification. It is also used frequently to evaluate internal developments (new blades, new controls, etc.) and validate simulation models. Wind turbine manufacturers are the primary market, but the service could also be of use to others (evaluating loads effects of retrofits, etc.). This service is not often used to verify loads performance of machines because calculated design loads generally are neither site-specific nor published to owners. • Power Performance Measurement, generally per IEC 61400-12 This test is most often applied by wind turbine owners to verify power performance of their installations. It is also regularly applied by manufacturers to verify power performance of new design types before publishing a warranted power curve or similar documentation. • Power Quality Measurement, generally per IEC 61400-21 This test is often applied by manufacturers to ensure grid (network) code compliance of new design types. It may also be applied by owners at the turbine or park level, to address concerns with interconnection. • Acoustic Noise Measurement, generally per IEC 61400-11 This test is applied to both new designs (manufacturers verifying type performance) and operating machines (owners and/or local parties verifying noise levels).

4. Relative Test Activity in Parts • Categorized in terms of Time (Duration) and Data Density (Sampling Rate). • Loads (61400-13) • Largest overall data volume (20-200 Hz) • Extensions of the standard are common • Most complex calibrations • Power Performance (61400-12) • Subset of loads data • Considers only 10-minute averages • Power Quality (61400-21) • Separate data system • High sampling rates, shorter duration • Acoustic Noise (61400-11) • Separate data system • High sampling rates, shorter duration

5. Typical Loads Layout Our systems are designed for multiple machines, though in practice one test turbine is most common.

6. Standard Loads Deliverables • Test Plan The test plan includes reference to standards that will be followed, turbine descriptions, a full channel list, desired capture matrix, data delivery and other reporting schedules. We always issue a test plan with our loads measurement services, but the scope and length of the test plan varies according to client preferences and requirements. • Instrumentation Report The instrumentation report provides details of the installation, for purposes of records and/or troubleshooting. • Calibrated Data Files Our preferred and internal working format is MATLAB, but we can deliver measured data in a variety of formats, to customer specifications. Deliveries occur regularly throughout the test campaign, with frequency determined by customer needs. • Progress/Status Reports We often deliver updated capture matrices with statistics plots and summaries of channel validity in order to allow tracking of progress and identification of especially interesting wind conditions or events. The progress/status reports also include a log of test activities and events. • Final Report We offer final reports according to the IEC 61400-13 standard, or other standards and specifications required by clients.

7. IMC Measurement System • De Facto Industry Standard • CAN Bus System for Remote Stations • Combo Box Configurability • Fast Analysis and Monitoring of Signals (FAMOS) Software & Native File Formats

8. IMC Loads Test Layout Signal Bundle CAN Windows PC CAN over F.O. Ethernet FTP Data CAN over F.O.

9. Results Using IMC Option • Industry Standard Setup • Rapid Raw Data Delivery • Responsive Service & Reporting

10. Bachmann M1 PLC • Full PLC Logical Capability • Flexible Bus Systems • Real time Quality Checking Capability • Digital Output Event Triggering Capability; Safe Remote Triggering of Special Events • System Notifications via Email, Status Logs • MATLAB Data Storage Format, Other Translations Possible • Commonly Known in the Industry • Reliability to Run 10,000+ Safety Critical Wind Turbine Controls

11. Bachmann M1 Loads Test Layout Signal Bundle CAN PC Optional Rotor Data Backup Ethernet FAST Bus (F.O.) FTP Data Ethernet SMI Online Quality Checks

12. Results Using Bachmann M1 Option • Industry Leading Setup • Improved Reliability • Improved System Flexibility • Triggering, Secondary Sets • Online Quality Checks • Email Notifications • Rapid QC’d Data Delivery • Responsive Service & Reporting

13. Committed to leadership DNV – helping the industry safely turn the renewable energy potential into sustainable business value