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Public health Information system

Public health Information system. Introduction to PH PH in US PH in Sri Lanka GIS. Public Health Core Functions. Pyramid of Public Health System Preparedness. Public Health Response Bioterrorism Emerging infections Other health status. Surveillance. Laboratory Practice. Epidemic

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Public health Information system

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  1. Public health Information system Introduction to PH PH in US PH in Sri Lanka GIS

  2. Public Health Core Functions

  3. Pyramid of Public Health System Preparedness • Public Health • Response • Bioterrorism • Emerging infections • Other health status Surveillance Laboratory Practice Epidemic Investigations Essential Capabilities Workforce Capacity & Competency Information & Data Systems Organizational Capacity Basic Infrastructure

  4. CORE FUNCTIONS:A PRACTITIONER AND AN AGENCY PERSPECTIVE

  5. ASSESSMENT IS… All the activities involved in community diagnosis: • Surveillance • Needs assessment • Analysis of cause of problems

  6. ASSESSMENT IS… • Collection and interpretation of data • Case-finding • Monitoring and forecasting trends • Research and evaluation

  7. Vital statistics Epidemiology Health screening Special disease or population registries Laboratory test data Hospital discharge data Research Behavioral Risk Factor Data ASSESSMENT DATA SOURCES: Personal Health Data:

  8. Health resource inventory Public forums Polling Special methods- APEX, PH part 2, PATCH, MAPP, etc Information from private & non-profit providers Research ASSESSMENT DATA SOURCES: Data about community concerns & resources:

  9. Four Assessments • Community themes and strengths assessment Identifies issues that interest the community, perceptions about quality of life, and community assets

  10. Four Assessments • Local public health system assessment Measures the capacity and performance of the local public health system-all organizations and entities that contribute to the public’s health

  11. Four Assessments • Community health status assessment Assesses data about health status, quality of life, and risk factors in the community

  12. Four Assessments • Forces of change assessment Identifies forces that are or will be affecting the community of the local public health system

  13. Annual vital statistics report Special projects report State health report Monographs Fact sheets Professional publications Media releases ASSESSMENT DATA SOURCES: Methods of distribution of findings:

  14. ASSESSMENT DATA SOURCES: Data on the range & quality of services: • Selected treatment management review data • Consumer complaint follow-up information • Facility & professional licensure data • Research

  15. ASSESSMENT DATA SOURCES: Environmental Health Data: • Sanitary survey • Air & water monitoring • Public reforms • Facility inspections • Laboratory test data • Research

  16. THE POLICY DEVELOPMENT PROCESS ENTAILS… • Collaboration • Decision-making about problems • Choice of goals and steps to meet them • Conflict resolution and negotiation

  17. THE POLICY DEVELOPMENT PROCESS: • Defines health needs • Sets priority health issues by analyzing the outcome of assessment • Develops policies and plans to address the most important health needs by setting goals & objectives with measurable objectives • Develops alternative strategies for implementing plans • Identifies necessary & available resources

  18. THE POLICY DEVELOPMENT PROCESS USES: • Scientific information • Data from the assessment process • Information from concerned citizens & providers

  19. THE POLICY DEVELOPMENT PROCESS USES: • Concepts of political & organizational feasibility • Community values • An open process, involving all private & public sectors by communicating, networking & building constituencies

  20. THE ASSURANCE FUNCTION INVOLVES: • Implementation of legislative mandates and statutory responsibilities • Development of adequate responses to crises • Support crucial services that have worked in the past

  21. THE ASSURANCE FUNCTION INVOLVES: • Regulation of services and products provided in both the public and private sectors • Maintain accountability to the people by setting objectives and reporting on progress

  22. THE ASSURANCE FUNCTION INVOLVES: • Maintenance of a level of service needed to attain an intended impact or outcome that is achievable given the resources and techniques available

  23. ASSURANCEThe Assurance function calls upon public health agencies to: • Provide public health nursing services • Provide environmental health services • Encourage, purchase or provide additional population-based services • Maintain emergency response capacity

  24. ASSURANCEThe Assurance function calls upon public health agencies to: • Administer quality assurance • Help recruit & retain health care practitioners • Maintain administrative capacity

  25. THE TEN ORGANIZATIONAL PRACTICES OF PUBLIC HEALTH

  26. THE TEN ORGANIZATIONAL PRACTICES OF PUBLIC HEALTH

  27. THE TEN ORGANIZATIONAL PRACTICES OF PUBLIC HEALTH

  28. The capacity of the public health system is its ability to perform the core functions of assessment, policy development, and assurance on a continuous, consistent basis made possible by maintenance of the basic infrastructure of the public health system, including human, capital, and technology resources. The smooth running of the system requires the application of sound leadership skills at all levels of the public health system. -Modified from the Washington State Public Improvement Plan, March 1994

  29. Public Health in the U.S.

  30. Vision: Healthy People in Healthy Communities

  31. Mission: Promote Physical and Mental Health and Prevent Disease, Injury, and Disability

  32. Public Health • Prevents epidemics and the spread of disease • Protects against environmental hazards • Prevents injuries • Promotes and encourages healthy behaviors • Responds to disasters and assists communities in recovery • Assures the quality and accessibility of health services

  33. Essential Public Health Services • Monitor health status to identify community health problems • Diagnose and investigate health problems and health hazards in the community • Inform, educate, and empower people about health issues

  34. Essential Public Health Services • Mobilize community partnerships to identify and solve health problems • Develop policies and plans that support individual and community health efforts • Enforce laws and regulations that protect health and ensure safety

  35. Essential Public Health Services • Link people with needed personal health services and assure the provision of health care when otherwise unavailable • Assure a competent public health and personal health care workforce

  36. Essential Public Health Services • Evaluate effectiveness, accessibility, and quality of personal and population-based health services • Research for new insights and innovative solutions to health problems Source. 1990 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

  37. Tertiary Medical Care Secondary Medical Care Primary Medical Care • Essential Population-Based Public Health Services • Human Resources Development(Training) • Information Systems • Community Planning Systems Public Health: The foundation of a national health system Capacity to Deliver Public Health Services • Public Health System Infrastructure • Human Resources Development (Training) • Information Systems • Community Planning Systems

  38. The Future

  39. Health Information System in Sri Lanka by Dr Sunil Senanayake MBBS, MSc, MD Director/Health Information

  40. Information System Components of National HMIS: Hospital Information System Preventive Health Information System Disease Surveillance System Population Census Surveys Other special surveys (NCD Risk Factor Survey)

  41. Sources of Information Hospital Information System: Clinical Data Diagnosis of diseases (Using ICD-10) Procedures performed Cancer Registry Cause of Death (Hospital deaths) Hospital facilities Hospital services

  42. Sources of Information ctd… Preventive Health Information System: Maternal, Child Health and FP data Food Sanitation, Environmental & Occupational Health data Nutrition data School Health data Immunization data Data from Disease Control Programmes

  43. Sources of Information ctd… Disease Surveillance System: Mainly Communicable Diseases Monitoring of disease trends Leading causes of Hospitalization Ischaemic Heart Diseases Hypertension and complications Cancers Diseases of elderly

  44. Sources of Information ctd.. Population Census: National Census: Started in 1881 Every ten years (except 1991) Wide range of information

  45. Sources of Information ctd.. Surveys: 1. Demographic and Health Survey: Started in 1973 Every five years Support Health Information Confirm Health Information

  46. Sources of Information ctd.. Surveys: ctd… 2.Household Income Survey: Nutritional status Energy consumption Common Health Problems Expenditure pattern

  47. Sources of Information ctd.. Surveys: ctd… 3. Nutrition Survey: Nutritional status Nutritional disorders Energy consumption Vitamin deficiencies Micro-nutrient deficiencies

  48. Sources of Information ctd.. Surveys: ctd… 4. Other Special Surveys (NCD RF Survey): NCD Risk Factor Survey Injury Surveillance

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