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The Cell Cycle

The Cell Cycle. How cells divide to make new cells. Just like people have phases of development,. Cells have phases too. In somatic (body) cells, a parent cell produces 2 daughter cells. The purpose of cell division is for growth and repair of tissue. Three Phases or Stages. Interphase

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The Cell Cycle

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  1. The Cell Cycle How cells divide to make new cells

  2. Just like people have phases of development,

  3. Cells have phases too.

  4. In somatic (body) cells, a parent cell produces 2 daughter cells.The purpose of cell division is for growth and repair of tissue.

  5. Three Phases or Stages Interphase Mitosis Cytokinesis

  6. Interphase

  7. Interphase • DNA and organelles replicate • Cell spends most of its life in this stage

  8. Stages of Interphase G1 (growth) normal activities – endo & exo S (synthesis) genetic material is duplicated so each daughter cell contains the same amount of genetic material as the parent cell G2 (growth) preparing for cell division

  9. Mitosis • Nucleus divides • Duplicated DNA is divided into two new nuclei

  10. Stages of Mitosis Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase

  11. Prophase

  12. Prophase • Nuclear membrane breaks down • Genetic material (chromatin) condenses • Centrioles migrate to opposite ends of poles (in animal cells) • Microtubules (spindle fibers) attach to centrioles

  13. Prophase

  14. Metaphase

  15. Metaphase • Duplicated chromosomes line up on the equator of the cell • Microtubules (spindle fibers) attach to centromere at kinetochore

  16. Metaphase

  17. Anaphase

  18. Anaphase • Duplicated chromosomes (also called sister chromotids) separate • 1 of each pair are pulled apart toward opposite poles of the cell

  19. Anaphase

  20. Telophase

  21. Telophase • New nuclear membranes form to separate the genetic material • Cleavage furrow in animal cells • Cell plate in plant cells

  22. Telophase

  23. Mitosis

  24. Cytokinesis

  25. Cytokinesis • Occurs AFTER telophase and BEFORE interphase • Cytoplasm divides

  26. Cytokinesis

  27. Mitosis Animation

  28. What happens when cells divide at an uncontrollable rate? CANCER

  29. Causes of Cancer • Tobacco • Radiation exposure • Viral infections (HPV) • Genetics

  30. Cancer Animation

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