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The cell cycle. The Cell Cycle. Interphase – Three phases. G1 – Growth & ordinary cell processes S – DNA is copied (replication) G2 – Organelles are copied. Mitosis: First phase - prophase. DNA supercoils. Prophase (continued). Nuclear membrane breaks down
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Interphase – Three phases • G1 – Growth & ordinary cell processes • S – DNA is copied (replication) • G2 – Organelles are copied
Mitosis: First phase - prophase • DNA supercoils
Prophase (continued) • Nuclear membrane breaks down • Spindle fibers form, attaching centrosomes to centrioles
Mitosis: second phase - metaphase • Chromosomes line up in the middle
Mitosis: third phase - anaphase • Chromatids pull apart
Mitosis: fourth phase - telophase • Opposite of prophase: • DNA uncoils • Spindle fibers break down • Nuclear membrane forms again
Cytokinesis • Division of cell membrane • Starts before end of telophase • In animal cells: cleavage furrow • In plants: cell plate