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Symbiosis and coevolution in insect-microbe communities Nicole Gerardo

Symbiosis and coevolution in insect-microbe communities Nicole Gerardo Emory University, Department of Biology Nancy Lowe, Ben Parker. (Kolenbrander et al. Micro and Molec Biol Rev 2002). The nature of parasite specialization in the fungus-growing ant symbiosis Dr. Nicole Gerardo

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Symbiosis and coevolution in insect-microbe communities Nicole Gerardo

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  1. Symbiosis and coevolution in insect-microbe communities Nicole Gerardo Emory University, Department of Biology Nancy Lowe, Ben Parker

  2. (Kolenbrander et al. Micro and Molec Biol Rev 2002)

  3. The nature of parasite specialization in the fungus-growing ant symbiosis Dr. Nicole Gerardo Emory University, Department of Biology Nancy Lowe, Ben Parker

  4. Ants & their mutualistic fungal cultivars

  5. Ants & their mutualistic fungal cultivars Coevolution Interactions between species over time lead to adaptations by both species in response to one another Symbiosis close, long-term interactions between biological species

  6. Ants & their mutualistic fungal cultivars Leaf-Cutter Ants Lower Ants

  7. Ants & their mutualistic fungal cultivars Coevolution Interactions between species over time lead to adaptations by both species in response to one another

  8. Ants & their mutualistic fungal cultivars Escovopsis, a genus of parasitic fungus that attacks the ants’ fungal cultivars Coevolution Interactions between species over time lead to adaptations by both species in response to one another

  9. Ants & their mutualistic fungal cultivars Escovopsis, a genus of parasitic fungus that attacks the ants’ fungal cultivars Actinomycete bacteria that produce antibiotics that inhibit Escovopsis

  10. Ants & their mutualistic fungal cultivars

  11. Healthy fungus-growing ant garden Garden devastated by Escovopsis

  12. Escovopsis spp. specialize on host clades. Escovopsis Cultivars Ants (Currie et. al 2003)

  13. Escovopsis Pathogen Phylogeny brown brown yellow pink pink

  14. Escovopsis Pathogen Phylogeny brown brown pink

  15. Leaf-Cutter Brown Escovopsis Found only in colonies of leaf cutter ants and their close relatives These ants cultivate fungi in the family lepiotaceae. Apterostigma Brown Escovopsis Found only in colonies of Apterostigma spp. lower ants. These ants cultivate fungi in the family pterulaceae, which is distantly related to the fungi cultivated by leaf cutter ants.

  16. Leaf-Cutter Brown Escovopsis Apterostigma Brown Escovopsis Apterostigma colony on a tree branch Partially excavated leaf cutter colony

  17. pathogen - cultivar interactions cultivar pathogen

  18. pathogen - cultivar interactions cultivar pathogen

  19. pathogen - cultivar interactions cultivar pathogen

  20. pathogen – cultivar experimental design cultivar Interact… 12 pathogen isolates (6 Leaf cutter & 6 Apterostigma) With… 12 cultivar isolates (6 Leaf cutter & 6 Apterostigma) Total Bioassays: 144 pathogen

  21. No Inhibition Inhibition No Attraction Attraction

  22. pathogen Leaf Cutter Apterostigma Apterostigma cultivar Leaf Cutter Attraction Inhibition Inhibition & Attraction Neither

  23. pathogen Leaf Cutter Apterostigma Apterostigma cultivar Leaf Cutter Attraction Inhibition Inhibition & Attraction Neither

  24. pathogen Leaf Cutter Apterostigma Apterostigma cultivar Leaf Cutter Attraction Inhibition Inhibition & Attraction Neither

  25. pathogen Leaf Cutter Apterostigma Apterostigma cultivar Leaf Cutter Attraction Inhibition Inhibition & Attraction Neither

  26. Escovopsis Phylogeny brown brown pink

  27. Ants & their mutualistic fungal cultivars Escovopsis, a genus of parasitic fungus that attacks the ants’ fungal cultivars Actinomycete bacteria that produce antibiotics that inhibit Escovopsis

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