The Rehabilitation of the orphans in the Deep South of Thailand

1. The Rehabilitation of the orphans in the Deep South of Thailand Mrs.KanlayaDaraha, Faculty Humanities and Social Sciences Prince of Songkla University

2. Map showing the region in southern Thailand

3. Introduction • In the past nine years, the violence situation has spiked in the Deep Sout(Pattani,Yala,Narathiwat Provinces) and parts of Songkhla Province(Nathawi, Sabayoi,Chana and Thepa Districts).Since January ,2004,the violence situation is occurred 3,000 people have died and more than 5,000 have been injured. More than 7,000 children have been orphaned by the conflict in the Deep South,there are more than the number of tsunami orphans those occurred in Phuket ,Thailand in 2004 ( Watanayakorn,Panitan) and the month that the violent is peak after a lull during Ramadan(Jitpiromya, Srisompop).

4. Introduction • This has significant impact of change of Family situation and loan mothers who become family head and have to be responsible for all household burden.From the statistic the household income of southern people is less than 1,500 per month per person (Mathichon,10 August,2005).

5. Introduction • The Center of Mental Health 15 and the violence related Mental Health Surveillance : VMS in the Deep South of Thailand found that in October 2011-March, 2012, the children in the aged between 0-15 affected the Mental Health 336 people : Narathiwat 177 people, Yala 130 people, Pattani 23 people and 1 people in Songkhla and Ministry Social Development and Human Security found the orphans affected the violence situation since 2004, 4,815 people.

6. Introduction • The violence situation in the Deep South during 9 years, there are bombing, burning and damaging school, killing teachers and shooting the school bus those affected the Mental Health of children, they have witness the brutal stating of the people in the community and some children lost their parents and some children are injured. Some of them are afraid to go to school and go outside to play and they dare not create relations with anybody.

7. Introduction • The government has the policy for rehabilitating the orphans or people affected the violence situation, In 2012, the government proposes the Southern Border Province Administrative Center for rehabitate the people and the orphans affected the violence situation 2,080 million baht.

8. The Violence situation during January 2004-February 2012The Number of people died and injured in the Deep South.The people died and injured 13,571 people Injured 8,485 People died 5,086

9. Research Objective : • 1.To investigate the rehabilitation of the orphans affected by the violence in the Deep South of Thailand. • 2. To provide guideline for the government and situations to find ways to rehabilitate the orphans affected by the violence in the Deep South of Thailand.

10. Methodology • The research is done through qualitative approach . The paper is based solely on qualitative data. The research is derived from interviews with ten orphans, fifteen parents, two official government and three the private sectors informants from four districts: Tak Bai, Nongchick, Muang, and Yala Districts.

11. Result • The orphans view that the violence situation affected most of them drop out of school because of lone mothers who become the head of the family and have to be responsible for all household burden. The government and the organization have not yet covered their support to child development. They need the army guard in the Deep South and the government should get the scholarship to the children until finish Bechelor Degree.

12. Result • The parents view that they need the violence stopped. The government and the organizations have to rehabilitate and provide the orphans in education and relief their mind. Ministry of Social Development and Human Security gives the budget 12,500 baht and gets the scholarship to their child 1,500 per month. They need the surveillance in their community and prohibit the strangers to enter. The government should construct the reconciliation and the harmony in the Deep South.

13. Result • The official government view that Ministry of Social Development and Human security gives the budget for the orphans before studying 1,500 baht per month, kindergarten 1,000 baht, the non official government 1,500 baht, secondary school 1,500 baht, lower vocational 1,500 baht, Higher vocational and Bechelor Degree 2,500 baht per month and the case of the parents died, the government gives the budget 5,000 baht per month for rehabilitating the orphans and Ministry of Education provides the scholarship for pondok 5,000 baht per year, kindergarten 6,000 baht ,primary school 6,000 baht, the off school 5,000 baht, secondary school 10,000 baht, the lower vocational 10,000 baht, upper vocational and Bechelor Degree provide 20,000 baht per year.

14. Result • The private sectors view that Muslim Association proposing the justice in the Deep South and visiting the orphans and people affected by the violence situation and it has zakat to provide the scholarship for the orphans in primary school, secondary school, and Bechelor degree and it has the people who work in public organization, the people trust them because they have service minded and the best policy to empower them.

15. Recommendation • The government must stop the violence situation and construct the reconciliation. • It should have the scholarship for students, specifically Muslim Youth. • The community must construct the surveillance in their community. • It must have Health Care for the orphans. • The role of family and family members must be strengthened. • It should construct the activities ie.sports, music for rehabilitate the orphans. • It must have the Human capital and teach the religion for conducting the orphans to be Good Citizen. • It must respect the Human Rights for every target groups. • It should have media Language for people because most of them enable to speak and enable to write Thai language.

16. Thank you for attention