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The Management of Motorcycles in Thailand. Manwipa Kuson Air Quality and Noise Management Bureau Pollution Control Department Better Air Quality (BAQ) 2006 Workshop 13-15 December 2006 Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Presentation Contents. Status of Motorcycle in Thailand Emission from motorcycle
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The Management of Motorcycles in Thailand Manwipa Kuson Air Quality and Noise Management Bureau Pollution Control Department Better Air Quality (BAQ) 2006 Workshop 13-15 December 2006 Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Presentation Contents • Status of Motorcycle in Thailand • Emission from motorcycle • Control Strategies • Emission Standard • New motorcycle • In-use motorcycle • Other Mearsure • Conclusion
Number of Vehicle Registerd in Thailand as of 31 December 2005
Number of Vehicle Registerd in Bangkok as of 31 December 2005
Number of Motorcycle Registered in Thailand from 1994-2005 Regional Regional Bangkok
Number of New Motorcycle Registered in Thailand Regional Bangkok
Motorcycle Age Distribution Regional Central
Emission from Motorcycle • 2-stroke Motorcycle is the major caused of HC, CO and particulate matter emissions in the form of white-smoke. • 4-stroke Motorcycle is the major caused of HC, CO and NOx. • The large proportion of motorcycle in big cities caused high amount of CO, HC and white smoke
Control Strategies • Using the different excise tax between 2-stroke motorcycle to 4-stroke motorcycle • More stringent emission standard for new motorcycle • Improving the emission standard for in-use motorcycle • Introduce/support for changing from 2-stroke motorcycle to 4-stroke motorcycle
Conclusion • The stringent emission standard lead to change type of engine in motorcycle. • 2-stroke motorcycle can be phased out by sringent emission standard. • Proportion of 4-stroke motorcycle has increased rapidly. • Proportion of 4-stroke motorcycle has increased rapidly.