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Psychiatric disorders by: Alaa Makkawi

Psychiatric disorders by: Alaa Makkawi. what is bipolar disorder?. bipolar disorder also is known as manic- depressive disease and is used to describe a person with at least 2 years cycling mood characterized by numerous periods of manic symptoms and separate periods with depressive symptoms

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Psychiatric disorders by: Alaa Makkawi

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  1. Psychiatric disordersby: AlaaMakkawi

  2. what is bipolar disorder? • bipolar disorder also is known as manic- depressive disease and is used to describe a person with at least 2 years cycling mood characterized by numerous periods of manic symptoms and separate periods with depressive symptoms • Pathology: Research is now showing that this disorder is associated with abnormal brain levels of serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine.

  3. How Is Bipolar Disorder Treated? A-Mood stabilizing medications 1-Lithium (sometimes known as Eskalith or Lithobid Used in prophylactics for bipolar disorder Mode of action : Believed to attenuate signaling via receptor coupled to PIP2 ( second messenger system ) SO, lithium interferes with the resynthesis of PIP2 leading to depletion in neural mambrane of CNS Side effect: Headache , polyuria , polydipsia , Dry mouth GIT disturbance

  4. A-Mood stabilizing medications 2-VALPROIC acid or divalproex sodium (depakote) preferred initial therapy for rapid cycling zyrexa) 3-OLANZOPINE(b-psychotherapy c-psycho education

  5. schizophrenia A disease of the brain is considered to be the most severe expression of psychopathology encompassing significant disruptions of thinking , perception ,emotion ,and behavior pathology…..........????????????????

  6. Characteristic symptoms: 1- delusions 2-hallucination 3-unusual behavior 4- disorganized speech 5- negative symptoms (psychomotor retardation, alogia , avolition)

  7. Ttt of schizophrenia according to mechanism of action 1- dopamine receptor blocking activity: Typical antipsychotic drug high potency antisychoticfluphenazine haloperidol, Chlorpromazine Low potency antisychotic thioridazine 2- serotonin receptor blocking activity: Atypical antipsychotic drug (clozapine,risperidone,aripiprazole)

  8. side effect: • Postural hypotension • Confusion • Sexual dysfunction • Constipation • Parkinsonia effects • typical neuroleptic • Weight gain • atypical neuroleptic

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