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To what extend did Bauhaus influenced the 20th Century?

To what extend did Bauhaus influenced the 20th Century?. Bauhaus typography. 1. Context: the aftermath of World War I. A reaction against the class system and aristocracy Architects were looking for a leading force behind the expectations to develop a “Brave New Word ”.

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To what extend did Bauhaus influenced the 20th Century?

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  1. To what extend did Bauhaus influenced the 20th Century? Bauhaus typography

  2. 1. Context: the aftermath of World War I • A reaction against the class system and aristocracy • Architects were looking fora leading force behind the expectations to develop a “Brave New Word” Sinnde Photo Bauhaus Exhibition Barbican Center 2012 • A new way to integrate art, aesthetic & industry asa means of replacing the old approach in education & design. • New direction: ART TO INDUSTRY!

  3. II. Legacy principles: Muuz lamp Norman Copenhagen • Walter Gropiu’sphilosophy ”form follows function” transformed advertising, typography, architecture, people living’s spaces and public’s esthetic expectations in fundamental way • Information first, artistic flair after. Use your design to reinforce your message never the other way around Form follows Function Utility come first • Mission: to provide affordable artistic utilitarian design for every class of person - proved to be a success

  4. II. Legacy principles: Albers Stacking Stables Share & Collaborate Towards design enlightment • The school was founded on collaboration. It achieved an openness and collaborative style few groups had. • Gropius's vision towards a union of art and design - Proclamation of Bauhaus”(1919) - describes a utopian craft guild combining architecture, sculpture and painting into a single creative expression • Work with each other, share ideas, don’t live in fear of losing credit. Sometimes getting better and learning is more important

  5. II. Legacy principles: • Their crisp geometric style and in some cases primary colors are reflected in design everywhere. The purpose: to honor functionality with beauty and simplicity, to please the eye and capture the mind. • Kandinsky strove for a visual style beyond cultural differences. He believed certain colors complement each other and communicate specific ideas or emotions. Color & Shape There’s always a connection between • Bauhausdesign still feels incredibly fresh and current. Displaying the “perfection of geometry” is still highly sophisticated

  6. II. Legacy principles: Poster for Senator Obama in Berlin 2008 • For Bauhaus, words were a graphic element. Therefore they became a part of the architecture. • Like a chair in a room – functioning on their own as words, as artistic tools within the space. CleanTypographyMatters • Be as imaginative with your typography as you are with every other tool in your toolbox, but make sure it never detracts from your visual message

  7. III. Birthplace of a revolution: Bauhaus seal The Metal Party group photo – Oscar SchemlerTraadic Costumes 1926 Young people come to Bauhaus! T lux Feininger – Sport at Bauhaus 1927 • Teaching techniques and social principles aimed to foster: • Creativity / Happiness/ Friendship • Design education was seen as a means to create reaction against, rather than to follow. • Its spirit and ideas, the greatest legacy,were to influence many generations of architects designers and artists.

  8. IV. Gropius ‘s input: • Gropius decided that they should generate design for massproductionthat were simple, rational and accessible to everyone. • Their furniture - A new way of living- became a signature of their work more than architecture. Katz Bau Bookshelf M Breurer’sWassily B3 club chair with woman seated wearing Schemler Mask • The school’s philosophy: the artist should be trained to work with industry. Artists created prototypes for industrial production, as they saw the machine as a potential force for good both aesthetically and socially. Red/Blue armchair 424 G. Rietveld 1918

  9. IV. H. Meyer ‘s input: Marcel Breuer Armchair 1922 • He stressed on the social function of architecture and design. Favoured the public good rather than private luxury • The architectural focus shifted away from aesthetic to functionality Sinnde Photo Bauhaus Exhibition Barbican Center 2012 • His mission was to focus on the “needs of the people, not on the needs of luxury” Haus am Horn Kitchen(1923)

  10. IV. Mies van der Rohe ‘s input: • Author of Less is more philosophy - the perfect summary for modernism • Added an increased emphasis on architecture & building at Bauhaus school; moved it to Berlin in 1930; • He designed The German Pavilion atthe Barcelona Universal Exhibition Sinnde Photo Bauhaus Exhibition Barbican Center 2012 • Lily Reich controlled the interior design department • Became the most influential modernist architect of the 20th century and an inspiration for Ayn Rand‘s book ‘The Fountainhead’ Mies Van der Rohe Barcelona chair and otoman

  11. V. Architecture: Germany circa stamp showing Bauhaus architecture steel building Bauhaus Manifesto Quote The Bauhaus Building designed by Gropius in Dessau in an industrial aesthetic with concrete and steel and a curtain of glass is a component of what we now recognize as modern architecture ! • The Bauhaus paradox: it didn’t have an architecture department until 1927 • Other Bauhaus hallmarks of modernist architecture: • steel-frame construction • an asymmetrical pinwheel plan • maximum efficiency • spatial logic

  12. Unshakable place at the heart of Modernism Successive leadership Emblematic building VI. UNMATCHED IMPACT: • Bauhaus hadwhat no other art school had: • from three of the leading designers of the time Sinnde Photo Bauhaus Exhibition Barbican Center 2012 • that embodied the philosophy of it’s founder in an unmistakable image • the dominant movement of the 20 th century 01 International student body & supporters Celebrated faculty staff • treated as “Silver Princess” by a awestruck USA when they moved there en masse

  13. VII. Conclusion: What would have happend if a bomb would have denotated under this group photographed on the roof of the Dessau Bauhaus’ building in 1926? L-R: Josef Albers, Hi. Scheper, Georg Muche, L. Moholy-Nagy, Herbert Bayer, Joost Schmidt, Walter Gropius, Marcel Breuer, V. Kandinsky, Paul Klee, Lyonel Feininger, Gunta Stölzl and Oskar Schlemmer • The course of visual culture of the 20th century would have looked totally different • Between them, they touched everything from photography and theatre to painting and architecture • The middle classes lived in tasteful simplicity ever after Typography with facial outline of its seal Bauhaus is everywhere!

  14. List of cited works: 1. B is for Bauhaus, DeyanSujic, Penguin Books, London, 2014 2. Young people come to Bauhaus – article inspired from Barbican Center: Bauhaus Art is Life exhibition, 2013, http://sinnde.com/blog/young-people-come-to-bauhaus/ 3. Six Lessons from the Bauhaus: Masters of the Persuasive Graphic:http://blog.visual.ly/six-lessons-from-the-bauhaus-masters-of-the-persuasive-graphic by AnniMurray 4.Quick History: The Bauhaus & Its Influence: http://www.apartmenttherapy.com/post-241-93344 5. "The Bauhaus, 1919–1933". In Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2000– Griffith Winton, Alexandra, . http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/bauh/hd_bauh.htm (August 2007) 6. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bauhaus

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