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Developing Critical Thinking Skills

Developing Critical Thinking Skills. Lori Oren, EdS candidate Principles of Distance Education EDUC 7102/8842 Walden University January 10, 2010: version 1. Learning without thought is labour lost ~ Confucius.

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Developing Critical Thinking Skills

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  1. Developing Critical Thinking Skills Lori Oren, EdS candidate Principles of Distance Education EDUC 7102/8842 Walden University January 10, 2010: version 1

  2. Learning without thoughtis labour lost ~ Confucius

  3. The critical habit of thought, if usual in society, will pervade all its mores, because it is a way of taking up the problems of life. Men educated in it cannot be stampeded by stump orators ... They are slow to believe. They can hold things as possible or probable in all degrees, without certainty and without pain. They can wait for evidence and weigh evidence, uninfluenced by the emphasis or confidence with which assertions are made on one side or the other. They can resist appeals to their dearest prejudices and all kinds of cajolery. Education in the critical faculty is the only education of which it can be truly said that it makes good citizens. ~ William Graham Sumner, Folkways, 1906

  4. Blooms’ Taxonomy of Cognitive Objectives • Cognitive processes relate to one another • Lower level skills are a prerequisite for higher order thinking • Knowledge is a prerequisite for comprehension • Comprehension is a prerequisite for application • Application is a prerequisite for analysis • Analysis is a prerequisite for synthesis and evaluation Image source: http://www.you-can-teach-writing.com/bloom-taxonomy.html

  5. Insert study 1: comparing Bloom’s taxonomy to critical thinking skills http://chiron.valdosta.edu/whuitt/col/cogsys/critthnk.html

  6. Edward Glaser • An attitude of being disposed (state of mind regarding something) to consider in a thoughtful way the problems and subjects that come within the range of one's experiences, • Knowledge of the methods of logical inquiry and reasoning, • Some skill in applying those methods.

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  8. "We should be teaching students how to think. Instead, we are teaching them what to think." ~ Clement and Lochhead, 1980, Cognitive Process Instruction.

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  13. [Critical thinking is a] desire to seek, patience to doubt, fondness to meditate, slowness to assert, readiness to consider, carefulness to dispose and set in order; and hatred for every kind of imposture. ~ Francis Bacon (1605)

  14. References Bloom Benjamin S. and David R. Krathwohl. Taxonomy of Educational Objectives: The Classification of Educational Goals, by a committee of college and university examiners. Handbook I: Cognitive Domain. New York, Longmans, Green, 1956. A Taxonomy for Learning, Teaching, and Assessing — A Revision of Bloom's Taxonomy of Educational Objectives; Lorin W. Anderson, David R. Krathwohl, Peter W. Airasian, Kathleen A. Cruikshank, Richard E. Mayer, Paul R. Pintrich, James Raths and Merlin C. Wittrock (Eds.) Addison Wesley Longman, Inc. 2001

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