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ARC-IONS - First results from a North American Strategic Network David W. Tarasick

ARC-IONS - First results from a North American Strategic Network David W. Tarasick Experimental Studies, Air Quality Research Division A.M. Thompson (PSU), S.J. Oltmans (NOAA), G. Forbes (EC-MSC), J. Merrill (UNH) NASA Aura Validation (M.J. Kurylo; K.W. Jucks); ARCTAS (J. Crawford)

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ARC-IONS - First results from a North American Strategic Network David W. Tarasick

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  1. ARC-IONS - First results from a North American Strategic Network David W. Tarasick Experimental Studies, Air Quality Research Division A.M. Thompson(PSU),S.J. Oltmans(NOAA), G. Forbes(EC-MSC),J. Merrill(UNH) • NASA Aura Validation (M.J. Kurylo; K.W. Jucks); ARCTAS (J. Crawford) • J. Davies, R. Mittermeier, W. Hocking, J. Witte • G. Liu, C. Sioris, H. He, M.K. Osman, T. Carey-Smith • L.B.J. McArthur, C. Banic & K. Puckett (EC); • The Green Horse Society, and most especially all the many observers who obtained the ozonesonde measurements at the ARC-IONS sites.

  2. Rationale • Ozone soundings are the major source of information on ozone amounts in the free troposphere, capable of precise (3-5%) measurements of ozone with ~100m vertical resolution. While regular network soundings (typically weekly) produce valuable data, such soundings are often too sparse, both in space and time, to answer some scientific questions. • Strategic networks are designed to answer specific scientific questions, typically with dense networks of daily launches that have sufficient resolution in space and time to resolve atmospheric dynamic variability. Launches can be coordinated, often with collocated aircraft or satellite measurements.

  3. ARC-IONS Sites 13 sites in Canada 5 in US 1 in Greenland Largest ozonesonde intensive ever in Canada

  4. TES / ARCIONS comparison. Summary of stare results for Bratt’s Lake, April 18th, 2008. Cloud is optically thin.Sonde results show 5 - 10% bias at Barrow and 15% bias at Bratt’s Lake. 15% bias is consistent with lidar results.

  5. Walsingham windprofiler radar

  6. Double tropopause An example of a double tropopause observed at Churchill on April 18th, 2008. This event is due to a large poleward intrusion of subtropical tropospheric air and was forecast by the START08 project at NCAR (L. Pan, personal communication).

  7. Arctic Intensive Ozonesonde Network Study (ARC-IONS) 2008 Cooperation with NASA project Arctic Research of the Composition of the Troposphere from Aircraft and Satellites (ARCTAS), in April and July 2008 over northern Canada. Objectives: • studies of boundary layer ozone depletions resulting from halogens released from sea salt deposited on Arctic sea ice; • evaluation of the role of stratosphere/troposphere exchange (STE) in the spring buildup of tropospheric ozone; • the contribution to the tropospheric ozone budget from boreal forest fires and the extent of fire emission influence on a trans-continental scale and beyond; • validation of Aura (TES, OMI) at high latitudes; of GEM-MACH, for ozone & STE, and forest fire models.

  8. Arctic Surface Ozone Depletions Arctic sites showed modest ozone depletion in the surface boundary layer throughout the spring campaign

  9. Arctic Surface Ozone Depletions This was occasionally severe.

  10. Tarasick and Bottenheim, ACP,2, 197–205, 2002.

  11. Sea ice? Temperature trends?

  12. Backtrajectories for the sonde launches of April 17th, 2008. These appear to correlate with the large amounts of BrO observed by the OMI instrument on April 16th, 2008. However, in other examples this relationship is less clear.

  13. Do O3 depletions correlate with satellite BrO?

  14. Do O3 depletions correlate with satellite BrO?

  15. Do O3 depletions correlate with satellite BrO?

  16. Do O3 depletions correlate with satellite BrO?

  17. Ozone from the stratosphere? M.K. Osman, UWO

  18. FLEXPART modeling seems to show good correspondence with apparent intrusions Intrusions associated with jumps in tropopause height T. Carey-Smith, NIWA

  19. TES Measurements: Eureka H. He, UWO/ARQX

  20. Radar tropopause height vs Brewer ozone H. He, UWO/ARQX

  21. T. Carey-Smith NIWA

  22. Ozonesonde Climatology Hysplit forward and back- trajectories applied to ozone soundings fill in the NA map G. Liu, ARQX

  23. Ozonesonde Climatology Correlations between OMI and trajectory-mapped ozone soundings at different altitudes G. Liu, ARQX +- 3 hrs, Aug 2006 +- 3 hrs, Mar-May, 2006

  24. Ozonesonde Climatology G. Liu, ARQX

  25. Ozonesonde Climatology G. Liu, ARQX

  26. ARCTAS Data Workshop, January 27-30, Virginia Beach • Spring AGU Meeting 24-27 May, 2009(Toronto) Session A10: Processes over Midlatitude North America and the Arctic (2008) Observed from Satellite and Field Campaigns Abstract deadline: 4 March 2009, 2359 UT. • MST12 (Radar) Workshop: 17 - 23 May, 2009London, Ontario: http://www.mst12.com/Session: Tropopause processes and Stratospheric/Tropospheric Exchange Abstract deadline: Friday January 23, 2009.

  27. Thank you!

  28. Highlights of three IONS campaigns: IONS-04: 2004, mostly eastern North America; 275 profiles, largest single set of free tropospheric ozone measurements ever compiled (as of 2004) for this region. Coordinated AQ model comparison, aircraft & surface measurements. IONS-06: 2006, three phases with 23 sites; 740 profiles. Coordinated AQ model comparison, aircraft & surface measurements. Validation of TES, OMI, MLS, ACE measurements; coordination with Aura & ACE overpasses. ARC-IONS (2008): Canada, Alaska and the lower U.S.. Two phases with 18 sites, mostly daily profiles. Coordination with NASA aircraft flights. Validation of TES, OMI, MLS, ACE measurements; coordination with Aura & ACE overpasses. Coordination with special TES “Step-and-stare” observations. Also new tropospheric ozone lidars in operation at Egbert (Toronto) and Eureka; aerosol optical depth (AOD) measurements from the Canadian AERONet and Brewer networks, and an aerosol lidar deployed near Yellowknife. Radar measurements of tropopause height to detect stratospheric intrusions, and to measure wave activity and turbulence strengths associated with intrusion events. Modeling studies using GEM-MACH, GEM-FLEXPART and other systems, in order both to validate the models and to interpret the data.

  29. H. He, UWO/ARQX

  30. M.K. Osman, UWO

  31. Ozonesonde Climatology G. Liu, ARQX

  32. IONS Publications (>24 to date): Unique data sets provided by coordinated intensive ozone profile measurements • tropospheric ozone processes & contribution to ozone budget; model comparisons (Cooper et al., 2006; 2007; Thompson et al., 2007a,b; Tarasick et al., 2007; Pfister et al., 2008; Tang et al., 2008) • pollution plumes from boreal forest fires (Morriset al., 2006), New York City (Maoet al., 2006). • stratospheric intrusions & the tropopause behaviour preceeding them (Hocking et al., 2007). • validation of satellite measurements (Parrington et al., 2007; Stajner et al., 2007; Schoeberl et al., 2007; Nassar et al., 2007; Jiang et al., 2007; Dupuy et al., 2007; Livingstonet al., 2007; Nardi et al., 2007) and of models (Chaiet al., 2007; Pierce et al., 2007; Yu et al., 2007).

  33. Sea ice? Temperature trends?

  34. Ozonesonde Climatology G. Liu, ARQX

  35. EC Regional AQ models AURAMS & CHRONOS compared with IONS-04 sonde data • forecast errors 25-75% • low bias in upper troposphere • GEM-MACH: global, full stratosphere

  36. Sonde Assimilation GEOS-Chem Wallops (76°W, 38°N) 19 July 2005 Churchill (95°W, 58°N) 20 July 2005 Assimilation improves the O3 distribution in the UTLS region Comparison of GEOS-Chem with Ozonesonde Data Pressure (hPa) Pressure (hPa) Ozone (ppb) Ozone (ppb) Wallops (76°W, 38°N) 26 July 2005 Eureka (85°W, 80°N) 20 July 2005 O3 plume is redistributed throughout column in assimilation Pressure (hPa) Pressure (hPa) Ozone (ppb) Ozone (ppb)

  37. Stratosphere-Troposphere Exchange AM2-Chem ozone (120°W 21:00 GMT, July 26) AM2-Chem ozone analysis GEOS-Chem ozone (120°W 21:00 GMT, July 26) GEOS-Chem ozone analysis Stratospheric intrusion at 40ºN more pronounced in both models following assimilation

  38. Tropospheric Ozone DIAL - First ResultsARC-IONS Campaign Generated a DIAL ozone profile for full day and 2 hours centred at ozonesonde launch time Generally not much difference between full and coincident profiles DIAL shows similar features to ozonesonde profile, does not show an increase in ozone concentration with altitude

  39. H. He, UWO/ARQX

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