TRANSITIONAL SHELTER IS NOT JUST A DISASTER RESPONSE IT’S YOUR FUTURE

1. TRANSITIONAL SHELTER IS NOT JUST A DISASTER RESPONSE IT’S YOUR FUTURE

2. AN EVENT OCCURS; PEOPLE ARE DISPLACED FROM THERE HOMESSO WHAT IS THE GLOBALOBJECTIVE? RETURN FAMILIES TO THEIR HOUSING STATUS AS IT WAS BEFORE THE EVENT

3. POINT1: • Shelter is the issue • It is almost always the central issue • It is generally the key driver in response DISPLACEMENT = SHELTER THE OBJECTIVE IS EASY; IT IS GETTINGTHERE THAT IS GIVING US PROBLEMS

4. Where do we start?

5. DEPENDS WHERE WEWANT TO BE ON THE CURVE CURRENT TREND: • We are moving away from tents (except for “first day” emergency response) • We are moving toward the “world” of recovery

6. POINT 2:WHEN WE TAKE SOMEONE OUT OF A TENT AND PUT THEM INTO ANYTHING BETTER A WHOLE NEW DYNAMIC TAKES OVERANDA HOST OF INTERRELATED, INTERREACTING, MUTUALLY DEPENDANT PROBLEMS AND COMPLICATION ARISE

7. POINT 3: IF WE ARE TALKING ABOUT RECOVERY, THEN THE FOCUS HAS TO BE TOWARD THE “PERMANENT HOUSE” OR WE ARE NOT DEALING WITH RECOVERY

8. SIDE BAR Who is in charge to get us through the shelter-to-housing jungle? NO ONE But that is a subject for another day!

9. ONE APPROACH ISTRANSITION SHELTERS WHAT IS A TRANSITIONAL SHELTER? • Helps to kick starts recovery • Accelerate re-integration into the country’s incremental housing development • The non-tent structure is a part of the forthcoming permanent house

10. CONSEQUENCES OF THETRANSITIONAL SHELTER INTERVENSION Sets the tone for the recovery generally Sets the stage for the characteristics of the permanent house

11. CHARACTERISTIC TABLE See handout: Everyone of these listed elements is part of any transitional shelter intervention, only the degree or magnitude is at issue. and Which characteristics are the important ones at any given time, and the level of program complexity, depends on context.

12. LAND ISSUES REQUIRE VARIABLE, MULTIPLE INTERVENTION METHODOLOGIES • Owns land • Does not own but has tenured relationship • No land but has assets to purchase land • No land and no assets • Place of permanent house • Permanent house will be somewhere else

13. TYPES OF TRANSITIONAL SHELTER CONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGIES • Contractor provided • Responder design-build • Material provisions • Material provision & technical assistance • Owner driven

14. OWNER DRIVEN CONSTRUCTION APPROACH REQUIRES: A start-to-finish plan. Adequate supply assurance system Adequate labor/tradesmen supple Proper house designs/plans Knowledge/skill education for homeowners/tradesmen Government capacity to manage/administer the whole activity

15. URBAN vs. RURAL CONTEXT • They are separate programs • They need separate administrations • There is little transference between them • Financing, costs, management and time frames are all different • Every the elements of the characteristics table is enhanced • Responder skill sets must be greater

16. PAKISTAN SHELTER EXAMPLE2005 Earthquake Failure to understand the complex dynamics of an urban recovery program No separate urban recovery program (World Bank) (Cluster system) Misunderstanding the importance of ruble removal (physical, emotional, economical) Need for strategically timed and placed imbedded expertise

17. PAKISTAN SHELTER EXAMPLE (con’t)2005 Earthquake • Inadequate financing mechanism • Lack of understanding of the master planning function

18. KABUL SHELTER EXAMPLE2006 INTEGRATED SHELTER PROGRAM • Continuity of government leadership • Paucity of planning • Difficulties of imbedded expertise

19. GEORGIA SHELTER EXAMPLE2008 RUSSIAN CONFLICT Failure to look at all potential sheltering options No rudimentary long term recovery plan Collective centers in heavily constructed buildings Unsophisticated construction NGO leaders Issue of life-cycle costing vs. project costing Conflicts with multi-use structures

20. SQD (SHELTER QUOTIONENT DIAGRAM)A MULTI-INTERVENTION PLANNING TOOL • Keeps you in touch with the big picture • Shows your intervention in context with the total need • Displays the interrelationship of multiple interventions • Provides a framework for scaling up and scaling down • Provides a reporting structure

21. MAJOR NEEDS • Good Definitions • Our shelters must reasonably mitigate associated hazards • Change institutional mind sets • Trained shelter operatives • Our method of response needs to contextual, based on need, and fit the R-D and shelter curves • We need to reformulate the management/funding/financial mechanisms for shelter-to-housing interventions

22. MAJOR NEEDS (con’t) • Development of an urban expertise (cities are dirty, messy, costly and politically ugly; no one wants to work there) • Develop government assistance programs as a component to shelter interventions • Develop programs to imbed shelter/construction manager experts into cognizant government agencies • Establishment of a unified shelter-to-housing management system

23. MAJOR NEEDS (con’t) We need a shelter recovery manual for political leaders We need a transitional shelter frame that can self morph to local conditions

24. KEY ATTRIBUTES OF OFDA SHELTER PROGRAMS • Disaster Risk Reductions • Livelihood augmentation • SPHERE minimum standards • Every shelter has to have a latrine

25. FINISH

26. RIGHT NOW WE ARE MIRED IN THE WORST-OF-BOTH-WORLDS LIMBO

27. SHELTER STRATIGIES • Tent camps • Hosting • Collective centers • Rentals (including rent free agreements) • Temporary single family units • Transitional shelters • Partial home repair • Squatting