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Chapter 18 Islamic Empires in Asia

Chapter 18 Islamic Empires in Asia. Section One: The Ottoman Empire. I. The Rise of the Ottomans. Start- 1200’s Osman - ghazi leader (Turkish) defeats Byzantines in Asia Minor The elite Ottoman army 1. Slave soldiers- Janissaries Timur challenges the Ottomans

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Chapter 18 Islamic Empires in Asia

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  1. Chapter 18 Islamic Empires in Asia Section One: The Ottoman Empire

  2. I. The Rise of the Ottomans • Start- 1200’s Osman- ghazi leader (Turkish) defeats Byzantines in Asia Minor • The elite Ottoman army 1. Slave soldiers- Janissaries • Timur challenges the Ottomans 1. Turko-Mongol leader- defeated Otoomans • Recovery and expansion • Mehmed II- conquered Constantinople in 1453- renamed Istanbul • Sultan Suleyman- 1520-1566 a. Brought Empire to height- ruled over most of eastern Europe, western Asia, and northern Africa

  3. II. Ottoman Government and Society • Sultans- supreme leader, second viziers 1. Two class system- ruling or reaya- mobility • The Millet System • Different religious groups- Muslim Turks in Anatolia, Christians and Jews in Balkans, Muslim Arabs in Fertile Crescent- caused tensions • Separate religious communities • Slow decline begins • After Suleyman Ottoman power declines as European countries get stronger • Economic trouble- lost control of silk and spice trade • Corruption • Ends in 1923 when Turkey becomes a republic

  4. Fun Facts • Each of the suits on a deck of cards represents the four major pillars of the economy in the middle ages: heart represented the Church, spades represented the military, clubs represented agriculture, and diamonds represented the merchant class. • The king of hearts is the only king without a moustache. • The three best-known western names in China: Jesus Christ, Richard Nixon, and Elvis Presley. • You burn more calories sleeping than you do watching TV.

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