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Imran Hussain University of Management and Technology (UMT)

Virtual University Human-Computer Interaction. Lecture 28 Behavior & Form – Part III. Imran Hussain University of Management and Technology (UMT). In Last Lecture …. Software Postures Handheld devices The Web Other Orchestration Flow. In Today’s Lecture …. Excise

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Imran Hussain University of Management and Technology (UMT)

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  1. Virtual University Human-Computer Interaction Lecture 28Behavior & Form – Part III Imran Hussain University of Management and Technology (UMT)

  2. In Last Lecture … • Software Postures • Handheld devices • The Web • Other • Orchestration • Flow

  3. In Today’s Lecture … • Excise • Significance of Navigation • Types of Navigation • Improving Navigation

  4. Significance of Navigation

  5. Have you ever been in new city trying to reach your destination?Have you ever tried driving through rush hour traffic to reach your destination?… enter NAVIGATION

  6. Significance of Navigation • Navigation is common to all types of interactive products • Users need to navigate to find tools and info • Navigation is EXCISE • A necessary evil • Does not meet user goals (except in some video games) • Good navigation critical to usability • #1 problem in interactive product design

  7. Definition of Navigation “Any action that takes the user to a new part of the interface or which requires him to otherwise locate • Objects • Tools, • or data.”

  8. Types of Navigation

  9. Types of Navigation • Navigation Between Multiple Windows or Pages • Navigation Between Panes • Navigation Between Tools and Menus • Navigation of Information

  10. You may question the inclusion of some of the above-stated types of navigation… not according to our definition though …

  11. Definition of Navigation “Any action that takes the user to a new part of the interface or which requires him to otherwise locate • Objects • Tools, • or data.”

  12. Navigation Between Multiple Windows or Pages • Navigating between windows interrupts user’s flow • Original window is obscured • Loss of productivity if user needs to shuffle between windows • Sovereign posture applications avoid this problem by placing all main interactions in a single primary window

  13. Navigation Between Panes • Windows can contain multiple panes • Adjacently • Separated by splitters • On top of one another (denoted by tabs)

  14. Adjacent Panes • Display interface elements adjacent to primary work element  reduces navigation • Elements that can be displayed are • Supporting functions • Links • Data

  15. Adjacent panes for supporting functions and data …

  16. Panes PRIMARY WORK AREA

  17. Adjacent panes for dragging objects …

  18. Adjacent panes in web environment …

  19. Panes

  20. Panes separated by splitters …

  21. Splitters

  22. Problems with adjacent panes …

  23. Problems with Adjacent Panes • Too many adjacent supporting panes cause clutter • Placement of panes does not match user workflow • Crowding causes scrolling

  24. … this is illustrated by an example …

  25. Panes can be stacked on top of each other and denoted by tabs.Tabbed panes …

  26. Tabbed panes

  27. Problems with tabbed panes …

  28. Problems with Tabbed Panes • Obscure what was on screen before the user navigated to them • Not good idea to place complex features into smaller parts and place them individually on separate tabbed panes • This causes navigational excise

  29. Navigation Between Tools and Menus • Users need to use tools, palettes, functions • Organize these spatially within a pane to minimize extraneous movements • Menu options are not visible prior to clicking • Require more navigational effort • Provide frequently-used functions in toolbars and palettes • Menu use should be reserved for infrequently-used functions • Avoid forcing the user to navigate between palette controls …

  30. Problem of navigating between palette controls …

  31. Navigation of Information • Methods of navigating info within panes or windows • Scrolling (panning) • Ubiquitous in software • Minimize scrolling • Strike balance between paging and scrolling • Linking (jumping) • Ubiquitous on the Web • Visually dislocating activity • Zooming • Visualization of 3D or detailed 2D data • Uses vertical and horizontal scrolling • Uses thumbnail map

  32. Scrolling in a window …

  33. Scrolling

  34. Scrolling in a pane …

  35. Scrolling

  36. Linking in a web page …

  37. .. link takes user to another page …

  38. Improving Navigation

  39. Ways to Improve Navigation • Reduce the number of places to go • Provide signposts • Provide overviews • Provide appropriate mapping of controls to functions • Inflect your interface to match user needs • Avoid hierarchies

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