260 likes | 448 Views
Napoleonic Era- 1799-1814. 1799- Coup d’etat made Napoleon dictator. Napoleon supported the ideas of the French Revolution: No feudalism or serfdom Accepted the Declaration of the Rights of Man But…believed the F rench people should obey ALL his policies. Napoleon I.
E N D
Napoleon supported the ideas of the French Revolution: • No feudalism or serfdom • Accepted the Declaration of the Rights of Man • But…believed the French people should obey ALL his policies. Napoleon I
Napoleon had unlimited power • First 5 years = Consulate • He commanded the army and navy • He had the power to appoint or dismiss government officials • He could propose new laws • The Legislative body could approve of reject Napoleons laws • He put the Constitution up to the vote of the plebiscite. • They voted for the Constitution Reorganized Government
The Napoleonic Code- A law code • The Bank of France • Public Education-elementary was supported by local communities and the church-high school, universities and technical schools supported by the government • Concordat 1801-religious freedom • Undid alliances of foreign enemies • Made France a peaceful, stable and economically prosperous country Napoleon’s Governmental Accomplishments
Plebiscites vote to make France an empire and Napoleon becomes Emperor Napoleon • Pope came to put crown on Napoleon’s head but he grabbed it and put it on himself. • Signifying his power over the churches 1804-France becomes an Empire
France invades Great Britain • Vice Admiral Horatio Nelson defeats France at sea • France places a blockade on Great Britain ( Continental System) and Great Britain does the same to France War with Britain
1809- France dominates Europe • Treaties with Austria and Prussia • Russia becomes an ally • Napoleon rules the Netherlands and Spain • He forces Denmark and the Papal States into an alliance • Abolished the Holy Roman Empire and unifies Italy into the Kingdom of Italy under his control • Placed family members as monarchs in conquered countries Reorganization of Europe
Napoleons wife Josephine was unable to provide an heir. • Napoleon has marriage annulled • Napoleon marries Marie-Louise of Austria • She has a son- Napoleon II in 1811 Napoleon like King Henry VIII?
Nationalism is extreme pride in one’s country= patriotism • Conquered territories see an increase in nationalism • Begin building armies to fight against France • Increased opposition of Napoleon’s rule Nationalism
Iberian peninsula between Spain and Portugal • Portugal refuses to follow the Continental System • Napoleon sends in troops- drives out the king and then takes over Spain too. • Makes Joseph, his brother, the King of Spain The Peninsular War 1808-1814
Great Britain sends the Duke of Wellington to help the Spain and Portugal defeat Napoleon • 1813- Joseph driven out of Spain • Spain writes a new Constitution with a limited monarchy following the ideas of the French Revolution Duke Of Wellington
Russia an ally of France begins trading with Great Britain. Going against the Continental System • 1812- Czar Alexander I • Napoleon sends troops to invade Russia • Gathers 600,000 troops from all his conquered territories= The Grand Army • The troops marched into Russia France Versus Russia
As the French troops would march into Russia, the Russian troops would retreat burning everything and anything the French troops could use. • France captures Moscow, but the Russian troops leave Moscow burning upon their retreat. • October 12, 1812 France retreats due to the cold and lack of supplies Scorched-Earth policy
As Napoleon’s troops retreat the Russian army follows-invading the French territories. • Napoleon loses 2/3 of his troops • All alliances are broken • October 1813-Leipzig • The allies defeat Napoleon • 1814- Allies capture Paris Greatest Military Disaster
Napoleon gives up claim to the French throne • Retire to the island of Elba • France’s monarchy is restored-Louis XVIII Napoleoans Defeat
People of France are upset with the monarchy • March,1815- Napoleon returns to France • Troops sent to catch him and they turn and help him • March 20- Napoleon captures Paris 100 Days of Napoleon
Allies attack France • The Duke of Wellington defeats Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo Battle of Waterloo
Monarchy restored in France • Napoleon asks to be sent to America but instead they send him to the South Pacific • The island of St. Helena where he will die in 1821. • 1840-The remains of Napoleon will be laid to rest in France • Napoleon becomes a legend to the French people Napoleons Legend