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Segregation & Discrimination

Segregation & Discrimination. Changes in American Life 1880-1914 Chapter 21 Section 3. Essential Questions:. Why do people discriminate against each other? Why did Southern “Whites” create Jim Crow Laws? What impact did Plessy vs. Ferguson have on the United States?

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Segregation & Discrimination

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  1. Segregation & Discrimination Changes in American Life 1880-1914 Chapter 21 Section 3

  2. Essential Questions: • Why do people discriminate against each other? • Why did Southern “Whites” create Jim Crow Laws? • What impact did Plessy vs. Ferguson have on the United States? • How did Civil Right Activists differ in their approaches for Civil Rights?

  3. Racial Discrimination • Different Treatment of People on the Basis of Race

  4. 4 Cultures Facing Discrimination in the U.S. (1865-1914)

  5. United States Reconstruction:(1865-1877) • The Civil War Ended (1865) • North Occupied the South (U.S. Army) • Passed the 13th, 14th, & 15th Amendments • Helped African Americans Gain More Equality & Freedoms

  6. 13th, 14th, & 15thUnited States Amendments

  7. Southern Whites Take Away African American Political Power (Voting Rights) • Literacy Tests • Exams Given in Latin to Prevent African Americans from Voting • Most African Americans in the South Were NOT Educated • Poll Taxes • Pay a Tax in Order to Vote • Most African Americans Could Not Afford the Tax

  8. 3 Methods Continued… • The Literacy Test & the Poll Tax Prevented Poor Uneducated Whites From Voting • Southern States Passed the Grandfather Clause: • Totally MESSED UP! • Stated if You Had an Ancestor that Could Vote BEFORE 1867, Then You Could Vote • Why do African Americans NOT Have Ancestors that Voted Before 1867?

  9. Why Are White Southerners Afraid of African Americans Voting? • African Americans Would Vote for Other African Americans or Whites That Supported Equal Rights • Pass Laws to Promote Equality • Southern Whites Would Lose Political Power!

  10. Jim Crow Laws • Laws Passed by Southern States to Enforce Segregation • Segregation • Separation of Whites & Blacks in Public Places (Parks, Schools, Libraries, Movies, Bathrooms, etc…)

  11. Plessy vs. Ferguson (1896) • #4 of the 7 Supreme Court Cases YOU MUST KNOW! • Homer Plessy Sued a Railroad Company for Segregated Seating on Railroad Cars • Claimed it Violated 14th Amendment (Everyone is Equal)

  12. Supreme Court’s Rulingon Plessy vs. Ferguson (1896) • U.S. Supreme Court Ruled Against Plessy • “Separate BUT Equal” • HUGE Mistake by the Supreme Court!

  13. Impact of Plessy vs. Ferguson • Segregation Was LEGAL!  • All Public Places Could Be Separated by Race • Segregation & Discrimination INCREASED! • What a MISTAKE!

  14. Separate But Equal?

  15. Segregated Schools • Schools Were NOT Equal! • Whites Controlled Government Positions • Put $$$ into White Schools & Facilities, Not African American Ones

  16. Booker T. Washington • Former Slave • Founded the Tuskegee Institute (Teacher) • Wanted African Americans to Gain Equality Through Trades/Learning Skills/Getting Jobs & $$ • Did NOT Challenge/Fight Against Segregation: • Figured Whites Would Support the Tuskegee Institute if He Did NOT Fight Segregation

  17. W.E.B. Du Bois • Harvard Educated • Totally REJECTED Segregation! • Founded the NAACP in 1909 • NAACP Fought to End Segregation ASAP!

  18. “The Talented 10th” • Du Bois Believed Educated African Americans Would End Segregation • Top 10% of Educated African Americans Would Lead the Way • Why do You Think He Believed This? • Was He Right?

  19. NAACP • The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People • Founded in 1909 by W.E.B. Du Bois • Fought Against Segregation in the 20th Century • Fights for Equal Rights!

  20. KKK • Used Violence to Keep African Americans from Voting • Used Violence to Keep Segregation • Scared/Intimidated Anyone Who Wanted to End Segregation

  21. Ida B. Wells • African AmericanJournalist (Memphis Tennessee) • Exposed Problems of Lynching – Lost 3 Friends • Had to Leave Because of KKK • Read Her Story (Page 624)

  22. Lynching • Extremely Powerful Images! • Makes Me Too Nauseous to Show You!

  23. Discrimination in Northern States • Many African Americans Moved to Northern States (No Jim Crow Laws) • However, African Americans Could NOT Get Housing in White Neighborhoods • Denied Jobs • Still Faced Violence

  24. Racism Towards Asians • Chinese Exclusion Act • Chinese Workers Got Lower Pay $$$ Than Whites • Faced Violent Attacks

  25. Racism Towards Mexicans • Mexicans Were Forced into Peonage • Forced to Work Until You Work off Your Debts: • (Washing Dishes at Restaurant) • Very Similar to Slavery

  26. Nature vs. Nurture(Racism)

  27. Tolerance

  28. We Could Learn A lot From Crayons…..

  29. Essential Questions: • Why do people discriminate against each other? • Why did Southern “Whites” create Jim Crow Laws? • What impact did Plessy vs. Ferguson have on the United States? • How did Civil Right Activists differ in their approaches for Civil Rights?

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