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Muslim Expansion into India

Muslim Expansion into India. Dehli Sultans, Mongol Invasions, and the Mughal Empire. Empires of South Asia. During the period between about 300 BC and 1200 AD, many different rulers were able to unite parts of northern and southern India.

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Muslim Expansion into India

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  1. Muslim Expansion into India Dehli Sultans, Mongol Invasions, and the Mughal Empire

  2. Empires of South Asia • During the period between about 300 BC and 1200 AD, many different rulers were able to unite parts of northern and southern India. • Also during that period, the subcontinent was invaded by several different groups that left an impression on the people of south Asia.

  3. Empires of South Asia • Maurya Empire(321 BC) • Chandragupta – first to unite N. India • Asoka – harsh ruler at first; brings Maurya to height of power • Change of heart; converts to Buddhism • Spreads Buddhism throughout empire and elsewhere • Gupta Empire(AD 320) • Chandragupta I – rules over “Golden Age” in Indian history • Advances in art, literature, mathematics • Concept of zero, “Arabic” numerals • **One of India’s greatest leaders

  4. Muslim Expansion into India • As the Gupta empire declines, Islam expands after its founding in the 600’s • Invaders from the west, north attack India’s cities • Over time, Muslims push the borders of their empire deeper into south Asia • In 1200’s, a strong Muslim leader named Mohammed Ghori conquers the capital city of Dehli and establishes the Delhi sultanate

  5. Delhi Sultanate(دلی سلطنت) • Refers to the various Muslim dynasties that ruled in India (1210–1526) • Founded after Muhammad of Ghor defeated Prithvi Raj (an Indian king) and captured Delhi in 1192.

  6. A Clash of Beliefs • Muslims and Hindus did not accept each others’ beliefs • Conflict was frequent during this period • Muslims often destroyed Hindu holy places and statues • Muslim rulers did not force Hindus to convert • But they had to pay a non-believer tax • Areas of difference? • One God vs. Many • Equality vs. caste system • Koran vs. Vedas, other texts • Cattle: Food vs. sacred

  7. The Mongol Invasions • Mongols – Central Asian groups who invaded northern India after the decline of the sultanate • Tamerlane: Mongol ruler in 1398 destroys Delhi • Kills or enslaves the entire population • Leaves to conquer other lands • Babur: grandson of Tamerlane • In 1526, returns to set up the Mughal empire

  8. The Mughal Empire • Founded by Babur in 1526; lasts for more than 300 years • At its height, united most of the people of south Asia • Under the Mughals, some cooperation and blending of Muslim/Hindu culture occurred • Urdu – language mixing Persian and Hindi, written in Arabic

  9. Key Ruler of the Mughal Empire Akbar (1556 – 1605) • Leader during “Golden Age” of Mughal empire • Religioustoleration… • Met regularly with other religious leaders • Tries to create a new religion by combining the diverse faiths of the region – the “Divine Faith” • Ends the destruction of Hindu holy places • Marries a Hindu princess; appoints Hindus to places in government

  10. The Story of Akbar

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