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Technical Review Process and Guidelines

Technical Review Process and Guidelines. Dr. Pushpa Raj Sharma Professor in Child Health Institute of Medicine. Questions that is answered by thesis:. What was the problem? What was the relevance of the problem? What information was already available?

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Technical Review Process and Guidelines

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  1. Technical Review Process and Guidelines Dr. Pushpa Raj Sharma Professor in Child Health Institute of Medicine

  2. Questions that is answered by thesis: • What was the problem? • What was the relevance of the problem? • What information was already available? • What was hoped to be achieved by the study? • What additional data were needed to meet the objectives? • How these data were collected? • Was it ethical to conduct the study in the way it was done? • How data were collected and was analyzed? • What was the outcome and how much it was useful? • Is it a good evidence?

  3. Declaration Thesis page Abstract Acknowledgement Table of contents Introduction Literature review Hypothesis/objective Materials and methods Results and discussions Conclusion and suggestions for further work References Appendices Some Important Headings

  4. Abstract • The abstract should contain the essence of the whole paper and should stand alone. • It should consist of four basic parts: • Why the study was done? • What was done? • What was found? • What was concluded? • Maximum of 300 words for a structured abstract. • Clear and concise and without unnecessary detail.

  5. Literature review • Where did the problem came from? • What is already known about this problem? What other methods have been tried to solve it? • How many papers? Is it supported by good evidences?

  6. Hypothesis / Objectives • Covers the different aspects of the problem and its contributing factors in a coherent way and in a logical sequence. • Clearly phrases in operational terms, specifying exactly what student is going to do, where and for what purpose. • Uses action verbs that are specific enough to be evaluated.

  7. Materials and Methods • How the study was designed? • Is the description brief? • Does it says how randomization was done?. • Does it use names to identify parts of a study sequence?

  8. How the study was carried out? • Describes how subjects were recruited and chosen. • Gives reasons for excluding subjects. • Considers mentioning ethical features. • Gives accurate details of materials used. • Gives exact drug dosage. • Gives the exact form of treatment and accessible details of unusual apparatus.

  9. How the data were analyzed? • Uses p value to disprove the null hypothesis. • Gives an estimate of the power of the study ( the likelihood of a false negative error) • Gives the exact tests used for statistical analysis

  10. Results and discussion • Use a mixture of text, tables and figures. • Give the actual numbers of the results that are plotted. • Establish how comparable your groups are. • Describe the unexpected results also. • Do not give results to a greater degree of accuracy than that of the measurement. • Avoid using percentage unless the groups have more than 100 subjects.

  11. When considering results does it gives the number of subjects, the range of results, the central tendency (mean± SD), and the spread (confidence interval for the mean)? • If an analysis of variance done does it gives the estimates with their degrees of freedom. Do not forget to see the p value. • Tables and illustrations should have an appropriate legend and stand alone. • Don't give carried away with the computer graphics if they do not add anything.

  12. Conclusions and suggestions for further work • conclusions should include abstract in very brief form, some material and methods and results. • suggest any interesting further avenues? Are there ways in which this work could be improved by future workers? • What are the practical implications of this work? • This chapter should usually be reasonably short - a few pages perhaps.

  13. References • For an article: • Pandey MR; Sharma PR; Gubhaju BB et al. Impact of a pilot acute respiratory infection (ARI) control programme in a rural community of the hill region of Nepal. Annals of Tropical Paediatrics, 1989: 9: 212-220 • For a book: • Behrman RE, Kliegmann RM; Arvin AM (Eds). Nelsons Textbook of Pediatrics. 15th Ed. W.B. Saunders Co. 1996; 378. • For a chapter in a book: • Shapiro LJ. Inheritence Patterns. In: Behrman RE; Kliegmann RM; Arvin AM (Eds). Nelson's Textbook of Pediatrics. 15th Ed. W.B. Saunders Co. 1996; 308-312

  14. Thank you • Visti the website:

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