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MODELLING THE FEEDBACKS BETWEEN PHYTOPLANKTON AND GLOBAL OCEAN PHYSICS

MODELLING THE FEEDBACKS BETWEEN PHYTOPLANKTON AND GLOBAL OCEAN PHYSICS. Manfredi Manizza 1,2 , C. Le Qu é r é 1 , A. J. Watson 2 , E. Buitenhuis 1. 1 Max-Planck-Institut f ü r Biogeochemie, Jena, Germany. 2 University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom. Sun. I o. Ocean Surface.

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MODELLING THE FEEDBACKS BETWEEN PHYTOPLANKTON AND GLOBAL OCEAN PHYSICS

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  1. MODELLING THE FEEDBACKS BETWEEN PHYTOPLANKTON AND GLOBAL OCEAN PHYSICS Manfredi Manizza1,2, C. Le Quéré 1, A. J. Watson2, E. Buitenhuis1 1Max-Planck-Institut für Biogeochemie, Jena, Germany. 2University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom.

  2. Sun Io Ocean Surface Absorption&Warming I(z) Phytoplankton Shading & Cooling PHYTOPLANKTON-LIGHT-HEAT INTERACTION

  3. Io I(z) FROM TROPICAL TO GLOBAL • Tropical Studies: Nakamoto et al. (2000, 2001); Murtugudde et al. (2002) • OGCM + Satellite derived Chlorophyll • “Off-line” forcing  NO FEEDBACKS !! 1) An OGCM (OPA) on global configuration: Ocean Surface • 0.5 ° - 1.5 °x 2.0 ° (Lat x Lon) • 1.5 order TKE Model. • Gent-McWilliams eddy-mixing. 2) An ocean biogeochemistry model (Dynamic Green Ocean Model) : • Diatoms and Coccolithophores and Nanophytoplankton. • Micro and Mesozooplankton. • Co-limitation of light,P, Si and Fe. 3) A Sea-Ice model (LIM)

  4. I(z)= Io* (R*e(-z/1) + (1-R)*e(-z/ 2) ) I(z) = I0 *( R*e(-z/1) + (1-R)*(e-(kr*z)+e-(kg*z)) _____________ 2 K() = kw() + χ()* [Chl]tote() INCLUDING THE BIOLOGY Paulson & Simpson Model (JPO,1977) INFRARED RED BLUE/GREEN Morel Model (JGR,1988) K()=LIGHT EXTINCTION COEFFICIENT [Chl]tot = [Chl]diatom + [Chl]cocco + [Chl]nano

  5. THE MODELLED “BIO-FORCING” 2.5 0 Monthly Average (mg m-3) SURFACE [Chl] Monthly Maximum

  6. -6 -0.5 ΔPENETRATION DEPTH (Zpen) Io Zpen (m) Zpen = (ez∫ I (z) dz)/Io Zpen Visible Light = 23 m Average

  7. TROPICS

  8. 2 -1 0.4 -1.4 ΔSEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE °C Average ΔTEMPERATURE °C

  9. 200 -20 0.3 m/s - - - ΔMLD & Δu(surf) (m) Average

  10. TROPICS TO SUB-TROPICS

  11. -30 80 TROPICS/SUBTROPICS INTERACTION ΔTOTALPRIMARYPRODUCTIONgC m-2 yr-1 MONTHLY AVERAGE Subtropics Subtropics Equator +Δu +ΔTPP DEPTH -ΔMLD +ΔPO4

  12. HIGH LATITUDES

  13. ΔSEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE 2 -1 °C Monthly Maximum

  14. 80 -80 EFFECTS ON SEA-ICE (AVERAGE) %(ΔIce fraction) Sun Sea-ice Ocean Phytoplankton Δ %ICEN = -0.17 * [Chl]surf Δ %ICES = -1.3 * [Chl]surf

  15. GLOBAL

  16. -30 + 30 +0.35 -0.35 ECOSYSTEM RESPONSE ΔNanophyto (%) ΔTotal Chl (mg m-3) ΔCoccolithophores (%) ΔDiatoms (%) AVERAGE

  17. IMPACT ON OCEAN CARBON CYCLE

  18. CONCLUSIONS • Phytoplankton presence affects light and heat • penetration in the ocean. • Different and Regional Modifications: SST, MLD, CURRENTS, SEA-ICE. • OCEAN PHYSICS  ECOSYSTEM & OCEAN BIOGEOCHEMISTRY OCEAN CARBON CYCLE. • Global OBGCM  Tropics and Interaction Tropics/Subtropics & High Latitudes.

  19. Si PO4 NO3 NH4 Fe coccolith. Nano phytoplankton DMS producers N2 fixers diatoms CaCO3 DOM Dynamic Green Ocean Model (Buitenhuis et al.,in prep.)

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