Monday, March 10 th

1. Monday, March 10th Bell Work: Please pick up the vocabulary frayers worksheet from the front table and find your new assigned seat. Please use the first 15 minutes of class to look up the terms and complete the worksheet on your own.

2. Daily Agenda: • Bell Work: Vocab Acquisition • Word of the Day dispel • Activator: Defining the Knights • Lecture: Medieval Europe • Exit Slip: Somebody, Wanted, But, So Essential Question: What institutions dominated Europe form 600-1450 CE? Why? Homework: Read Chapter 19 and complete Guided Reading worksheet or complete notes for the entire chapter.

3. Essential Questions: • Between 600-1450 CE did Europe undergo a Dark Age, Middle Age, or Medieval Period? • What institutions dominated Europe form 600-1450 CE? Why? • How were the experiences of Eastern and Western Europe alike and different during the Medieval Era? • Medieval Europe

4. What is a knight?

5. dispel– to drive away; scatter, as to dispel a misconceptionPronunciation for Word • To dispel is to get rid of something that's bothering or threatening you, regardless of whether that's warts, worries, or wild dogs. • The nifty thing about dispel is that you can use it when talking about emotional problems (such as worries and fears) as well as physical ones (such as wild dogs). Click here to hear Bill Nye dispel myths about poverty in just 2 minutes! Read-Aloud March 10th, Block 1

6. Fall of the Roman Empire • 3rd Century Crisis leads to slow decay of the Roman economy, political structure, and social organization. • 330 CE – Constantine establishes new Eastern capital for the empire • 476 CE – Goths conquer Rome and depose last Roman Emperor • What becomes of the former citizens of the Roman Empire? What replaces its rule?

7. Development of Feudalism • As the Roman empire fell due to barbaric invasions of their cities, where did the people go? • What would have been the most important thing for them to find? • Manors, large farming estates, developed as a refuge for the public. • These manors became self-sufficient, cut off from outside trade by the politics of the day. • Peasants seeking shelter and land to farm, agreed to serfdom, a situation in which they agreed to work the land for the lord of the manor in exchange for a small space to farm and protection.

8. Europe Reunites • The Frankish kingdom (modern-day France) was first established by Clovis after his conversion to Christianity. • In the 730s, Charles Martel begins the Carolingian Dynasty and drives back the Muslims at the Battle of Tours • 768 CE – Charlemagne begins expansion of Frankish kingdom • 800 CE – Charlemagne crowned “Holy Roman Emperor”

9. Fall of the Carolingian Dynasty

10. The Norse Invasions • A Germanic tribe from Scandinavia, began a period of exploration, trade, raiding, and settlement from the late 700s until the 1000s. • What would cause a peaceful farming and fishing people to do this? • Primogeniture All inheritance to the first born son. • “To go a-Viking”  Raiding and pillaging • Eventually, they assimilated into the cultures they had conquered

11. Role of the Church: • Why would so many people be drawn to Catholicism? • Monasteries offered a refuge from the Feudal system and provided services to society. • Monasteries served as: hospitals, schools, inns, and publication centers. • Investiture Controversy – Pope Gregory vs. Henry IV (Holy Roman Emperor) in a battle over appointing Bishops. • Why would rulers fear a pope? • Excommunication  denying a follower access to the Holy Sacraments • Interdict  denying sacraments to an entire people

12. Role of the Medieval Church: • The most important power in Medieval Europe was the Catholic Church, the one institution that remained throughout the age. • Popes often crowned kings and influenced their rule • The church maintained a hierarchical infrastructure that helped in maintain strong control over the populace

13. The Byzantine Empire (SS.912.W.2.1) Meanwhile, in Eastern Europe…

14. Iconoclast Controversy (SS.912.W.2.6) • Emperor Leo III bans icons from religious sites • Supported by the Iconoclasts • 60 years later, the Empress Irene allows icon back in Churches as long as they aren’t worshipped. • Finally settled on allowing pictures, but not statues.

15. Tensions with Rome: (SS.912.W.2.6) • Pope vs. Patriarch on Iconoclast Controversy (Council of Nicaea sided with Pope) • Byzantine Emperor refuses help to Pope when Lombards invade Italy. • Pope names Charlemagne (King of the Franks) as Holy Roman Emperor (a formerly exclusive Byzantine title). • 1054 CE – The Great Schism Christian Church splits into Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox. (Pope and Patriarch excommunicate each other).

16. Justinian’s Rule: (SS.912.W.2.4 and 5) • Marriage to Theodora • Fought off major attacks from the Sassanid Empire • Expanded empire to include parts of Italy, North Africa, and Spain • Corpus of Civil Law • Improvements to infrastructure (Hagia Sopia)

17. Russian Trade • Forest dwellers, steppe nomads, and Slav farmers traded with each other. • Caravan trade linked Russia with the Silk Road. • Active river-based trade was conducted regionally as well.

18. The Rise of the KievanState (SS.912.W.2.5) • Rus were western Slav farmers ruled by Varangian (Viking) nobles. They established key cities in Kiev and Novgorod as trade centers. • In 980, Vladimir I became grand prince of Kiev, establishing Orthodox Christianity as the state religion, adopting the Cyrillic alphabet, and imitating the culture of the Byzantine Empire.

19. Society and Culture • Poor agricultural land, a short growing season, and primitive technology meant low food production and the prominence of trade. • Cities grew in size and prominence, and artisans became more important than peasants.

20. Russian Religion • Christianity spread slowly in the Kievan state. • Missionaries Cyril and Methodius develop new language to convert the Slavic peoples (cyrillic) • Pagan customs and polygamy continued until the 12th century. • Church ultimately became a powerful authority (taxes). • As the Byzantine Empire collapses, Moscow will become the “Third Rome” and center of the Orthodox Church

21. Exit Slip: Somebody, Wanted, But, So • Complete the organizer today as your ticket out the door. • Pick any two events or situations we discussed in class today and identify what was desired, what conflict prevented it, and how the individual overcame it on the organizer. • Turn in your chart to the homework bin before you leave • Homework: Read Chapter 19 and complete Guided Reading worksheet or take notes on the whole chapter.