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Chapter 36: Population Ecology

Chapter 36: Population Ecology. Population density. The # of individuals of a species per unit area or volume Dispersion pattern: the way individuals are spaced within an area 1. clumped dispersion: grouped in patches. Dispersion patterns. Uniform dispersion: distributed evenly.

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Chapter 36: Population Ecology

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  1. Chapter 36: Population Ecology

  2. Population density • The # of individuals of a species per unit area or volume • Dispersion pattern: the way individuals are spaced within an area • 1. clumped dispersion: grouped in patches

  3. Dispersion patterns Uniform dispersion: distributed evenly Random distribution: spaced unpredictably

  4. Life Tables • Track survivorship • Survivorship curves: plot survivorship as a proportion of individuals from an initial population that are alive at each age • 3 types: I, II, and III

  5. Exponential Growth model • An idealized picture of unregulated population growth- a J curve • G=rN • G- growth rate • R-the max capacity of members of that population to reproduce • N-population size

  6. Logistic growth model • Description of idealized population growth that is slowed by limiting factors as population size increases- S shaped curve

  7. Carry capacity • Maximum population size that an environment can sustain

  8. Density dependent • Population growth decreases as density increases • Competition • Availability of space • Predation • Weather • Environmental factors

  9. Boom and Bust • Boom: rapid exponential growth • Bust: population falls back to normal levels

  10. Sustainable Resource Management • Harvest crops without damaging the resource • Maximum sustained yield: harvesting should be done at a level that produces a consistent yield without forcing a population decline

  11. Demographic Transition • A shift from 0 population growth where birth and death are = to 0 population growth where there is are low birth and death • Age structure: # of individuals in different age groups

  12. Ecological footprint • An estimate of the amount of land required to provide the raw materials an individual or nation consumes

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