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Respiratory Protective Equipment

Learn about different types of RPE such as respirators and breathing apparatus, their features, and how to select the right one based on hazard and contaminant concentration. Understand face-fit tests and NPF. Keep yourself safe in various environments.

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Respiratory Protective Equipment

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  1. Respiratory Protective Equipment

  2. Types of RPE 1. Respirators • Designed to purify respirable air by inhaling it through a medium which removes the contaminants 2. Breathing Apparatus • Supplies pure respirable air from an uncontaminated source

  3. Types of Respirator • Filtering Facepiece Respirator • Half-mask Respirator • Full-face Respirator • Powered Clean-air Respirator • Powered Visor Respirator

  4. Filtering Facepiece Respirator • Piece of filtering material worn over the nose & mouth and secured by twin elastic headbands (MEMS) • Cheap & disposable • Face seal cannot be fully achieved over facial hair

  5. Half-mask Respirator • Flexible facepiece which covers nose & mouth, to which is fixed a replaceable cartridge capable of removing airborne contaminants during inhalation • Single or twin cartridges • Facial hair reduces efficiency • Breathing is not easy • Speech and vision are slightly reduced

  6. Full-face Respirator • Cover mouth, nose & eyes • Replaceable canisters which are either fitted to the facepiece or connected via a flexible corrugated rubber breathing tube • Canisters are for specific hazards

  7. Powered Clean-air Respirator • Respirator air is pumped into facepiece • Positive pressure which reduces fatigue, allows longer work periods and reduces risk of leaks • Designs are either half or full-face, or helmets with a fabric skirt • Cannot be used in oxygen deficient areas

  8. Powered Visor Respirator • Purified air is blown down over the user’s face behind a protective visor • Contaminated air is drawn through a pre-filter and then into a filter bag before it is directed over the face • It is powered by nickel cadmium batteries

  9. Types of Breathing Apparatus • Fresh Air Hose Apparatus • Compressed Airline Apparatus • Constant flow • Demand flow • Self-Contained Apparatus • Escape BA • General BA • Oxygen BA

  10. Nominal Protection Factor • Npf=Concentration of atmospheric contaminant Concentration of contaminant in facepiece • The higher the npf, the greater the the degree of protection

  11. Typical NPFs Filtering face piece 5 Half-mask 10 Full-facepiece 500-1000 Powered Clean Air 500 Powered Visor 10-20 Fresh Air Hose 50 Compressed Airline 1000-2000 Self Contained 2000

  12. Selection • Selection of RPE is based on: • Type of hazard; • Contaminant concentration safely tolerated by user; and • Contaminant concentration • The concept of NPF is based on the fact that ingress of contaminant into RPE may (and can) occur

  13. Face-fit Test • Stated NPF value is not reached in practice, due to poor fit • User should carry out test each time RPE is put on: • Close inlet to facepiece • Inhale gently to create negative pressure • Hold breath for 10-15 seconds • If pressure is lost, then headbands may need tightening to increase seal

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