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Operational Application of Argo data in JMA

AST-8 (March, 2007). Operational Application of Argo data in JMA. Y. Takatsuki (JMA). Outline Description of the systems in JMA Usage of Argo data Impact of Argo data Future plan Summary. Description of the system in JMA. JMA use Argo data in two operational systems:

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Operational Application of Argo data in JMA

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  1. AST-8 (March, 2007) Operational Application of Argo data in JMA Y. Takatsuki (JMA) • Outline • Description of the systems in JMA • Usage of Argo data • Impact of Argo data • Future plan • Summary

  2. Description of the system in JMA • JMA use Argo data in two operational systems: • operational oceanographic analysis and forecast (Comprehensive Ocean Modeling, Prediction, Analysis and Synthesis System in the Kuroshio Region: COMPASS-K) • monitoring and predicting of ENSO (Ocean Data Assimilation System: ODAS, provides oceanic initial condition to JMA-CGCM02)

  3. Specification of systems

  4. SST Surface Current 100m T Nowcasting and Forecasting around Japan: COMPASS-K Nowcast (Feb 27,2007) Forecast (1 month) distributed via JMH(Radio FAX), Internet (in Japanese), etc.

  5. El Niño Monitoring and Forecasting: ODAS/CGCM JMA El Niño Diagnosis/Outlook based on the ODAS/CGCM output are issued monthly on the TCC/JMA website. NINO.3 Outlook of the SST deviation for NINO.3 by the El Niño forecast model Depth-longitude cross sections of temperature and anomalies along the equator in the Pacific Ocean by ODAS. Base period for normal is 1987-2005. http://okdk.kishou.go.jp/

  6. Usage of Argo data in JMA • Data source: GTS (TESAC messages) • Timeliness: Satisfactory because each ocean analysis is carried out for 5 days ending few days before the operation. • QC: apply our own QC • same procedure applied on All GTS T/S data • Argo real-time QC is coarse

  7. Impact of Argo data on the Ocean Analyses • The new ODAS (MOVE/MRI.COM) is used in this comparison experiment. • The ODAS has been run with and without Argo data for 2000-2006. The case with Argo data is called “ALL”, and the other “NOARGO”. • Initial and boundary conditions and observations other than Argo data are identical for these two cases.

  8. Argo data used in this analysis (Number of obs./month) Data distribution on GTS From 2001 to 2005, the number of observations by floats has increased about 10 times. Dec. 2006 ●: BATHY/TESAC ●: Moorings ●: Floats

  9. As floats increases, the difference between the two cases becomes larger. Differences are relatively small in the equatorial Pacific, probably due to existence of TAO/TRITON buoys. Differences are larger in theIndian Ocean, where other data are very sparse. Salinity (eg. at 200m depth) differences have features similar to those of OHC. OHC (0-300m averaged temp.)ALL-NOARGO 2001 2003 2005

  10. 700m OHC has larger difference than 300m between ALL and NOARGO. (TAO moorings observe top 500m.) Both 700m and 300m OHC has larger difference than in Tropical Pacific. (Almost all data are Argo.) Tropical Pacific (10S-10N, 120E-80W) Indian Ocean (50S-20N, 30E-110E) 17.4 18.8 17.2 0-300m 18.6 17.0 16.8 18.4 16.6 12.6 13.0 0-700m 12.4 12.8 12.6 12.2 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 Time series of OHC (0-300/0-700m averaged temp.)ALL/NOARGO NOARGO ALL

  11. Temperature difference along Equator in 2005 : Large differences are found at the depth of thermocline in the Indian Ocean and eastern Atlantic. (Shallower thermocline with Argo) Temperature structure in the TropicsALL-NOARGO Time-Longitude sections of OHC differences along 5S/Eq./5N : Systematic lower OHCs with Argo in the Indian Ocean are found from 2003.

  12. Higher salinities with Argo are found above the thermocline in the Indian Ocean and the Atlantic. Salinity structure in the TropicsALL-NOARGO Salinity difference along EQ in 2005 Time-Longitude sections of Salinity differences averaged (0-300m) :

  13. Future plan • System replacement • Both system will be replaced with MOVE/MRI.COM and will be operated from 2008. • Forecast experiments • North Pacific: Experiment on MOVE/MRI.COM-NP is being carried out (but not yet completed). • Global (ENSO): Experiment on MOVE/MRI.COM-G will be carried out in near future.

  14. Summary • JMA operates two ocean analysis/forecast systems (Regional and Global). Both system will be replaced and operated from 2008. • Both system use Argo data from GTS with our own QC. • Impact on the global ocean analysis is especially large in the Indian Ocean. Argo’s impact is relatively small in the equatorial Pacific, probably due to existence of TAO/TRITON buoys.

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