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STARS & GALAXIES

STARS & GALAXIES. Our Local System. A STAR PARTY!!! The largest gatherings in the universe!. Galaxies - Are large scale groups of stars that are bounded together by gravity. Size of a typical galaxy is 100,000 light years in diameter. Roughly 100 billion stars are contained within a galaxy.

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STARS & GALAXIES

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  1. STARS & GALAXIES Our Local System

  2. A STAR PARTY!!!The largest gatherings in the universe! • Galaxies-Are large scale groups of stars that are bounded together by gravity. • Size of a typical galaxy is 100,000 light years in diameter. • Roughly 100 billion stars are contained within a galaxy.

  3. WHAT ELSE IS IN A GALAXY?The Nebula’s cometh. • Galaxies also contain gases and dust. • There are two bright nebulas. • One glows bright from the hot gases within. • Others shine by reflecting light from nearby stars.

  4. What is a galaxy made of? • Gas & Dust • Billions of stars • Liquids • Solids

  5. THE DARK SIDE OF THE NEBULA.The dark nebula. • Other nebula’s are dark in nature. • Dark nebulas are visible as dark areas among the stars. • Dark nebulas absorb light of more distant stars behind them. • The Horsehead Nebula is an example of a dark nebula.

  6. 0 This type of nebula absorbs starlight… • Bright Nebulas • Glowing Nebulas • Grey Nebulas • Dark Nebulas

  7. JUST HOW MANY GALAXIES ARE THERE?Space is thatbig!!! • Estimated 50 billion to 1 trillion galaxies in the known universe. • The large MagellanicCloudand smallMagellanic cloud, are the closest to Earth’s galaxy; The Milky Way. • These and other galaxies that are within 3 million light years of The MilkyWay which number about 17 different galaxies are known as The Local Group.

  8. CAST OF GALAXIES…THE 3 MAIN TYPES OF GALAXIES. • Galaxies can be classified into 3 different classes, based on their shape. • The 3 types of Galaxies are; • Spiral galaxies • Elliptical galaxies • Irregular galaxies

  9. 0 Galaxies are based on their what? • Size • Shape • Brightness • Density

  10. SPIRAL GALAXIES…A SPINNER… • Have a nucleus, or center, of bright stars. • Outward from the center are flattened arms of stars that spiral around the nucleus. • The spirals contain millions of young stars, gas & dust. • Some spiral galaxies have a bar running through them. Known as a Barred spiral galaxy.

  11. ELLIPTICAL GALAXY…A FLASH IN THE PAN… • Have shapes that range from nearly spherical to a flattened disk. • Have very bright centers. • Do not possess spiral arms. • Do not have young stars and contain very little dust as gas.

  12. IRREGULAR GALAXIES…A LOT OF STARS WITH EGOS… • Have no particular shape. Tend to be smaller and fainter than other galaxies. • Could be formed from the collision of two different galaxies. • Stars are of low mass and cannot organize into a pattern. • Irregular galaxies are unevenly distributed throughout the universe.

  13. 0 Which type of galaxy has a bright core but does not have not have young stars? • Spiral • Spiral barred • Elliptical • Irregular

  14. 0 Which type of galaxy has little or no shape and tend to be smaller and fainter than other galaxies? • Spiral • Spiral Barred • Elliptical • Irregular

  15. THE MILKY WAY…Our home in the stars… • Our galaxy is a spiral galaxy, in which the sun is one in a billion stars that are found inside. • All the stars in the Milky Way have their own motion, some are moving towards the sun while others are moving away from our sun. • Our sun is located on one of the spiral arms. It is rotating around the nucleus at 250 km/s.

  16. THE MILKY WAY…Our home in the stars… • The Milky Way has a diameter of about 100,000 light years. • The nucleus is 2000 light years thick. • Our sun is located 30,000 light years from the nucleus. • It takes the sun 200 million years to make one rotation around the center.

  17. THE MILKY WAY…Our home in the stars… • You can look outside on a clear dark night and see the Milky Way!!! • In the night sky it will appear as a band of stars that stretches across the sky. • It will appear “milky” in the sky. • You are actually looking at one of the arms of the galaxy!

  18. WHAT ELSE IS OUT THERE?The other objects in the night time sky… • Within galaxies there are star clusters. • Open starclusters-is a loosely shapes group of stars. Found out on the arms of a galaxy. • Globular clusters- have a spherical shape and contain more stars than an open cluster. Found near the core of a galaxy

  19. :20 What is an open star cluster? • A small group of stars • Giant group of stars located near the center • Nebulas that have collided

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