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Cellular Respiration

Cellular Respiration. “Getting Energy to Make ATP”. Section 9.3 Pg. 237-243. Cellular Respiration. Plants and animals get glucose, but how do cells get energy from it Cellular Respiration Definition: the process by which mitochondria break down food molecules to produce ATP

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Cellular Respiration

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  1. Cellular Respiration “Getting Energy to Make ATP” Section 9.3 Pg. 237-243

  2. Cellular Respiration • Plants and animals get glucose, but how do cells get energy from it • Cellular Respiration • Definition: the process by which mitochondria break down food molecules to produce ATP • Glucose (6C)  ATP’s • 2ATP  38 ATP’s (total produced = ???)

  3. Cellular Respiration • Three stages to cellular respiration • Glycolysis • Citric acid cycle • Electron transport chain

  4. Glycolysis • Reaction occurs in the cytoplasm of a cell. • Glucose (6C)  2 pyruvic acid (3C) • Reaction does not need oxygen to occur (Anaerobic)

  5. Glycolysis • Three final products: • NADH (2) • ATP (2) • Pyruvic acid (2) • Two ATP needed for glycolysis and only four are made not efficient process to make ATP.

  6. Citric Acid Cycle (or Krebs Cycle) • Reaction takes place in the mitochondria of a cell • Takes the pyruvic acid (3C) and makes 2 more ATP & 6 CO2 • Also makes many electron acceptors for final stage Electron carrier  electron acceptor NAD- NADH FAD  FADH2

  7. Electron Transport Chain(final stage of cellular respiration) • occurs in the inner membrane of the mitochondria • From the citric acid cycle, the electron carriers pass energized electrons along to the electron transport chain • NADH and FADH2 pass energized electrons from protein to protein within the membrane, which release small amounts of energy

  8. The Electron Transport Chain

  9. Electron Transport Chain

  10. Fermentation • Anaerobic process that follows glycolysis when cell are without oxygen for a short period of time. • Two major types • Lactic acid fermentation • Alcoholic fermentation

  11. Lactic Acid Fermentation • Definition: series of anaerobic chemical reactions in which pyruvic acid uses NADH to form lactic acid and NAD+, which is then used in glycolysis. • You get only 2 ATP for one glucose molecule • Lactic acid builds up in your muscles, and that is why your muscles ache when you over exercise.

  12. Alcoholic Fermentation • Definition: another type of fermentation that is used by, among others, yeast cells to produce CO2 and ethyl alcohol. • Only producing 2 ATP molecules

  13. Comparing Fermentation to Cellular Respiration

  14. Comparing Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

  15. Comparing Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

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