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Notes 11-2

Notes 11-2. Floating and Sinking. Density. Density is a measure of how closely packed the atoms in a substance are Density is a physical property All matter has measurable density Density = Mass Volume. Mass. Measured in grams using a balance scale. Volume of liquids.

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Notes 11-2

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  1. Notes 11-2 Floating and Sinking

  2. Density • Density is a measure of how closely packed the atoms in a substance are • Density is a physical property • All matter has measurable density • Density = Mass Volume

  3. Mass • Measured in grams using a balance scale

  4. Volume of liquids • Measured in mL using a graduated cylinder

  5. Volume of regular solid • Measured in cm3 using math • Volume = L x W x H

  6. Volume of irregular solid • Measured in mL by using the displacement method

  7. Density Units • g/mL Or • g/cm3

  8. Calculating Density • The density of a substance is its mass per unit of volume. • For example, a sample of liquid has a mass of 24 g and • a volume of 16 mL. What is its density?

  9. Practice Problem Calculating Density A piece of metal has a mass of 43.5 g and a volume of 15 cm3. What is its density? 2.9 g/cm3

  10. Sink or Float? • By comparing densities, you can predict whether an object will sink or float in a fluid. • An object that is more dense than the fluid it is in sinks. • An object that is less dense than the fluid it is in floats on the surface • An object with a density equal to that of the fluid floats at a constant depth.

  11. Density • Changes in density cause a submarine to dive, rise, or float.

  12. Density • Changes in density cause a submarine to dive, rise, or float.

  13. Density • Changes in density cause a submarine to dive, rise, or float.

  14. Buoyancy • Ability to float • Ships are designed to have buoyancy

  15. Buoyancy • The pressure on the bottom of a submerged object is greater than the pressure on the top. The result is a net force in the upward direction.

  16. Buoyancy • The buoyant force works opposite the weight of an object.

  17. Buoyancy • Archimedes’ principle states that the buoyant force acting on a submerged object is equal to the weight of the fluid the object displaces.

  18. Buoyancy • A solid block of steel sinks in water. A steel ship with the same weight floats on the surface.

  19. Let’s Review! • What is the volume of a box with the dimensions 8cm by 5cm by 5cm? • 8cm x 5cm x 5cm = 200 cm3

  20. Let’s Review! • What is the volume of the dinosaur? • 5.6mL-4.8mL = 0.8mL

  21. Let’s Review! • If an object has a mass of 20 g and a volume of 40 cm3, what is its density? • 0.5 g/cm3 • Water has a density of 1.0 g/cm3. If the object described above were placed in water, will it sink or float? • Float!

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